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2018년 5월 9일 (수) 22:10 판

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→‎어티즘 스픽스에 대한 보이콧

Ellif

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 == 어티즘 스픽스에 대한 보이콧 ==
-자폐인권옹호자들은 전세계적으로 가장 많이 인지된 자폐 옹호단체인 [[어티즘 스픽스]]는 특히 자폐의 치료를 옹호하면서, 자폐에 대한 대표처럼 보여지고 있다고 지적한다<ref name=MasterPost>{{cite web|url=http://thecaffeinatedautistic.wordpress.com/new-autism-speaks-masterpost-updated-62014/|title=New Autism Speaks Masterpost (Updated 6/20/14)|author=Beth Ryan|date=2014-06-20|publisher=The Caffeinated Autistic}}</ref>. 그 결과, 어티즘 스픽스는 부정확한 진단 기준, 기능에 따른 이름붙이기,
+자폐인권옹호자들은, 전세계적으로 가장 많이 인지된 자폐 옹호단체인 [[어티즘 스픽스]]가 특히 자폐의 치료를 옹호하면서, 자폐에 대한 대표처럼 보여지고 있다고 지적한다<ref name=MasterPost>{{언어고리|en}} {{cite web|url=http://thecaffeinatedautistic.wordpress.com/new-autism-speaks-masterpost-updated-62014/|title=New Autism Speaks Masterpost (Updated 6/20/14)|author=Beth Ryan|date=2014-06-20|publisher=The Caffeinated Autistic}}</ref>. 이들은 그 결과, 어티즘 스픽스가 부정확한 진단 기준, 기능에 따른 이름붙이기, [[피플퍼스트 언어]], [[장애의료모델]], 소통능력과 지적능력의 동등시, [[응용행동분석|ABA]] 요법의 홍보, 자폐와 질병 간 비교, 자폐 진단 비율의 증가를 유행 질병으로 평가하는 관점, 자폐와 사람 사이를 구분할 수 있다고 보는 자폐 개념, 자폐 어린이를 갖히거나 고장난 것으로 보는 관점, 자폐 어린이를 가진 성인 부부가 이혼하기 더욱 쉽다는 신념, 자폐 부모에 의한 당사자 살인이 서비스 부족에 기인한 것이라는 신념 등과 연루돼 있다고 주장한다<ref name="DailyKos" />.
-As a result, Autism Speaks is implicated in perpetuating misconceptions, including inaccurate diagnostic criteria, functioning labels, [[People-first language|"person"-first language]], the [[medical model of disability]], equation of communication and intelligence, promotion of [[applied behavior analysis|ABA]] therapy, comparisons between autism and diseases, the view of rising autism diagnosis rates as an epidemic, the concept of autism as something separable from people with autism, the view of children with autism as trapped or broken, the belief that married couples who have children with autism are more likely to divorce, and the belief that parent-on-child murder is caused by lack of services.<ref name="DailyKos" />
+자신이 가진 문화적 영향에도 불구하고, 어티즘 스픽스는 자폐를 가진 사람들을 무시하고 배제하고 있는 것으로 비판받고 있다<ref name=DailyKos>{{언어고리|en}} {{웹 인용|url=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2007/05/19/336513/-An-Autistic-Speaks-About-Autism-Speaks|title=An Autistic Speaks About Autism Speaks|date=2007-05-19|publisher=Daily Kos}}</ref>. 이 단체에는 2013년까지 자폐성 장애를 가진 것으로 공개적으로 인지된 이사가 [[존 엘더 로비슨]]밖에 없었다. 그는 2013년 사임했는데, 단체의 공동창립자인 수잔 라이트가 그의 사임 이틀 전 대신 낸 성명에서, 로비슨은 "내가 [어티즘 스픽스를 위해] 행동하는 것처럼 느끼는 사람들의 [주장을] 쉬이 방어할 수 없고, 자신들이 재현한다고 주장하는 커뮤니티와의 연결에 실패함으로서 동일한 실수를 계속해서 저지르는 단체의 대중 행동을 계속해서 지지하고만 있을 수 없다"고 밝혔다<ref name=Robison>{{언어고리|en}} {{cite web|url=http://jerobison.blogspot.com/2013/11/i-resign-my-roles-at-autism-speaks.html|title=I resign my roles at Autism Speaks|author=John Elder Robison|date=2013-11-13|확인일자=2018-05-09}}</ref>. 자폐를 가진 어린이의 어머니인 시몬 그렉스(Simmon Greggs)는 자신에 대한 어티즘 스픽스의 취업 내정이 취소된 이후 어티즘 스픽스를 [[장애 차별]]로 고소했다. 고소장에서 그녀는 자기 아들을 위한 수용시설을 요청함에 따라 취업 요청을 잃게됐다고 진술했다<ref name=Lawsuit>{{언어고리|en}} {{cite web|url=http://www.wjla.com/articles/2012/08/mom-sues-autism-speaks-after-job-offer-is-rescinded-78415.html|title=Mom sues Autism Speaks after job offer is rescinded|author=Greta Kreuz|date=2012-08-02|publisher=ABC News}}</ref>.
-문화적 영향에도 불구하고, 어티즘 스픽스는
-In addition to its cultural impact, Autism Speaks has been criticized for ignoring and excluding people with autism.<ref name=DailyKos>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2007/05/19/336513/-An-Autistic-Speaks-About-Autism-Speaks|title=An Autistic Speaks About Autism Speaks|date=2007-05-19|publisher=Daily Kos}}</ref> Until he resigned in 2013, [[John Elder Robison]] was the organization's only board member openly recognised as being on the autism spectrum.  His resignation came two days after the release of an op-ed by the group's co-founder Suzanne Wright which, according to Robison, "is simply not defensible for someone who feels as I do, and I cannot continue to stand up for the public actions of an organization that makes the same mistakes over and over again by failing to connect to the community it purports to represent."<ref name=Robison>{{cite web|url=http://jerobison.blogspot.com/2013/11/i-resign-my-roles-at-autism-speaks.html|title=I resign my roles at Autism Speaks|author=John Elder Robison|date=2013-11-13|publisher=John Elder Robison's personal website}}</ref> Simone Greggs, the mother of a child with autism, filed a lawsuit against Autism Speaks for [[disability discrimination]] after her job offer was rescinded.  The suit alleges that she lost the job offer due to asking for an accommodation on behalf of her son.<ref name=Lawsuit>{{cite web|url=http://www.wjla.com/articles/2012/08/mom-sues-autism-speaks-after-job-offer-is-rescinded-78415.html|title=Mom sues Autism Speaks after job offer is rescinded|author=Greta Kreuz|date=2012-08-02|publisher=ABC News}}</ref>
+어티즘 스픽스는 지금까지 주요 영화 세 편을 제작했는데, 모두가 자폐 당사자 커뮤니티로부터 강력한 반대 의견을 받았다.
 Autism Speaks has produced three major films, each met with strong opposition from the Autistic community. ''[[Autism Every Day]]'' is a documentary featuring interviews of parents with mostly negative opinions about autism and their situations. It has been criticized due to parents speaking about their children as if they are not there.  In one interview, former board member [[Alison Singer]], mother of a daughter with autism, reveals she contemplated murder-suicide with her daughter in the same room.<ref name="murray">{{cite book|author=Murray, Stuart|year=2008|title=Representing Autism: Culture, Narrative, Fascination|publisher=Liverpool University Press|page=135|isbn=978-1-84631-092-8|quote=...&nbsp;[the film] drew substantial criticism from disability rights advocates because of its concentration on the condition as one of problems and difficulties, especially for parents. It created particular controversy when one of the mothers being interviewed, discussing the struggles she had endured in searching for a school for her child, commented that the only reason she had not put her autistic daughter in her car and driven off of a bridge was because she has another daughter, who does not have autism.}}</ref> ''I Am Autism'' is a short video that [[personifies]] autism as a narrative voice, which compares itself to several diseases<ref name=Transcript>{{cite web|url=http://autisticadvocacy.org/2009/09/horrific-autism-speaks-i-am-autism-ad-transcript/|title=Horrific Autism Speaks "I am Autism" ad transcript|date=2009-09-23|publisher=Autistic Self Advocacy Network}}</ref> and makes the false claim<ref name=Divorce>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/05/19/autism.divorce.rates/|title=Parents of kids with autism not more likely to divorce, study suggests|author=Madison Park|publisher=CNN}}</ref> of causing divorce.<ref>{{cite news |author=  Biever C |title='Poetic' autism film divides campaigners |date=2009-09-29 |work=New Scientist |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17878-poetic-autism-film-divides-campaigners.html |accessdate=2009-10-08 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20091003122813/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17878-poetic-autism-film-divides-campaigners.html| archivedate= 3 October 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Wallis C |title='I Am Autism': an advocacy video sparks protest |work=TIME |date=2009-11-06 |url=http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1935959,00.html |accessdate=2009-12-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091109022116/http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0%2C8599%2C1935959%2C00.html |archivedate=9 November 2009 |deadurl=no }}</ref> ''[[Sounding the Alarm]]'' is a documentary exploring the transition to adulthood and the cost of lifetime care. It was criticized for being "full of dehumanizing rhetoric" and portraying ignorance of nonverbal communication.<ref name=SoundingTheAlarm>{{cite web|url=http://autismwomensnetwork.org/film-review-of-documentary-sounding-the-alarm-battling-the-autism-epidemic/|title=Film Review of documentary "Sounding the Alarm: Battling the Autism Epidemic"|author=Lei Wiley-Mydske|date=2014-07-19|publisher=Autism Women's Network}}</ref>