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== 역사 == | == 역사 == | ||
1880년 이전, [[그레이트브리튼 아일랜드 연합왕국|그레이트브리튼·아일랜드 연합왕국]]의 법적 시각은 1858년 ''Curtis vs March'' 판결에 따라 각 지방의 표준시로 규정되었다. 이에 따라, 1880년 규칙 (시간 정의)법{{Small|The Statutes (Definition of Time) Act, 1880}}은 더블린 표준시를 아일랜드의 표준시로 정했다. 더블린 표준시는 더블린 외곽의 던싱크 천문대{{small|Dunsink Observatory}}의 시간으로, 그리니치 표준시보다 약 25분 21초 뒤에 있었다. [[부활절 봉기]] 이후, 아일랜드와 영국의 시각차가 전보 전송에 어려움을 준다는 사실이 주목 받으면서 1916년 (아일랜드) 시간법{{Small|Time (Ireland) Act 1916}} | 1880년 이전, [[그레이트브리튼 아일랜드 연합왕국|그레이트브리튼·아일랜드 연합왕국]]의 법적 시각은 1858년 ''Curtis vs March'' 판결에 따라 각 지방의 표준시로 규정되었다. 이에 따라, 1880년 규칙 (시간 정의)법{{Small|The Statutes (Definition of Time) Act, 1880}}은 더블린 표준시를 아일랜드의 표준시로 정했다. 더블린 표준시는 더블린 외곽의 던싱크 천문대{{small|Dunsink Observatory}}의 시간으로, 그리니치 표준시보다 약 25분 21초 뒤에 있었다. [[부활절 봉기]] 이후, 아일랜드와 영국의 시각차가 전보 전송에 어려움을 준다는 사실이 주목 받으면서 1916년 (아일랜드) 시간법{{Small|Time (Ireland) Act 1916}}이 제정되었다. 이 법은 1916년 5월부터 [[1차 세계대전]]으로 인한 임시 효율 조치로 [[서머타임]]이 영국 전역에 도입되었다가 겨울 시기로 돌아가는 시점이었던 [[1916년]] [[10월 1일]](日)에 맞춰 더블린 표준시였던 상오 2시를 기준으로 아일랜드의 시각을 영국 시각(01:25:21)과 일치하도록 규정했다. 물론 이 법률의 제정 과정을 아일랜드 의회는 반대했다. 힐리{{Small|T. M. Healy}}은 법률안 2차독회에서 “일광절약법률안이 당신의 낮시간을 늘려주기는 하겠지만, 이 법률안은 당신의 어둠의 길이 또한 늘려줄 것”이라는 이유로 법률안에 반대했다. 존 딜톤도 1차독회에서 [[아일랜드 의회당]]과 협의 없이 법률이 상정된데 반대하며, 아일랜드에 다른 시간대가 있다는 것이 “우리가 이상한 나라에 도착했다는 사실을 상기시켜준다”고 말했다. | ||
<!-- efore 1880, the legal time at any place in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was defined as local mean time, as held by the appeal in the 1858 court case of Curtis v. March.[6][7][8] The Statutes (Definition of Time) Act, 1880 defined Dublin Mean Time as the legal time for Ireland.[9] This was the local mean time at Dunsink Observatory outside Dublin, and was about 25 minutes 21 seconds behind Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which was defined by the same act to be the legal time for Great Britain.[7][9][10] After the Easter Rising, the time difference between Ireland and Britain was found inconvenient for telegraphic communication and the Time (Ireland) Act 1916 provided that Irish time would be the same as British time, from 2:00 am Dublin Mean Time on Sunday 1 October 1916.[7][11] Summer time (daylight saving time) had been introduced in May 1916 across the United Kingdom as a temporary efficiency measure for the First World War, and the changeover from Dublin time to Greenwich time was simultaneous with the changeover from summer time to winter time.[12] John Dillon opposed the first reading of the Time (Ireland) Bill for having been introduced without consultation of the Irish Parliamentary Party; he said the different time in Ireland "reminds us that we are coming into a strange country".[12][13] T. M. Healy opposed the second reading on the basis that "while the Daylight Saving Bill added to the length of your daylight, this Bill adds to the length of your darkness".[14] --> | <!-- efore 1880, the legal time at any place in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was defined as local mean time, as held by the appeal in the 1858 court case of Curtis v. March.[6][7][8] The Statutes (Definition of Time) Act, 1880 defined Dublin Mean Time as the legal time for Ireland.[9] This was the local mean time at Dunsink Observatory outside Dublin, and was about 25 minutes 21 seconds behind Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which was defined by the same act to be the legal time for Great Britain.[7][9][10] After the Easter Rising, the time difference between Ireland and Britain was found inconvenient for telegraphic communication and the Time (Ireland) Act 1916 provided that Irish time would be the same as British time, from 2:00 am Dublin Mean Time on Sunday 1 October 1916.[7][11] Summer time (daylight saving time) had been introduced in May 1916 across the United Kingdom as a temporary efficiency measure for the First World War, and the changeover from Dublin time to Greenwich time was simultaneous with the changeover from summer time to winter time.[12] John Dillon opposed the first reading of the Time (Ireland) Bill for having been introduced without consultation of the Irish Parliamentary Party; he said the different time in Ireland "reminds us that we are coming into a strange country".[12][13] T. M. Healy opposed the second reading on the basis that "while the Daylight Saving Bill added to the length of your daylight, this Bill adds to the length of your darkness".[14] --> | ||
[[아일랜드 자유국]]이 1922년 성립되고 나서, 북아일랜드와 시간을 달리하는 것을 막기 위해 연합왕국의 변화들이 그대로 정책에 반영되었다. 예를 들어 아일랜드는 1923년과 1924년 한시적으로 시행된 서머타임에 참여한 이후, 4월 3주 토요일부터 9월 3주 토요일 2시에 시각을 변경하는 1925년 서머타임법에 그대로 참여했다. | |||
<!-- After the Irish Free State became independent in 1922, subsequent developments tended to mirror those in the United Kingdom. This avoided having different times on either side of the border with Northern Ireland.[3][15] Summer time was provided on a one-off basis by acts in 1923 and 1924,[16][17] and then on an ongoing basis by the Summer Time Act, 1925.[18] The 1925 Act provided a default summer time period, which could be varied by ministerial order. Double summer time was considered but not introduced during the Emergency of World War II.[19][20] As a consequence, following the introduction of double summer time in the United Kingdom in 1940, time in Northern Ireland was one hour ahead of the Republic of Ireland throughout the year until the UK returned to GMT in the autumn of 1947.[21] | |||
From 1968 standard time (GMT+01:00) was observed all year round, with no winter time change.[2] This was an experiment in the run-up to Ireland's 1973 accession to the EEC, and was undone in 1971.[1] In those years, time in Ireland was the same as in the six EEC countries, except in the summer in Italy, which switched to Central European Summer Time (CEST). One artefact of the 1968 legislation is that "standard time" legally refers to summer time;[2] the 1971 act defined a period of time in the winter as "winter time" during which the time observed would be GMT, leaving "standard time" unchanged.[1] | |||
From the 1980s, the dates of switch between winter and summer time have been synchronised across the European Union.[3][22] --> | |||
== 참고문헌 == | == 참고문헌 == | ||