부탕거 요새: 두 판 사이의 차이

'''부탕거 요새'''({{llang|nl|Vesting Bourtange}})는 [[오라녜의 빌럼 1세|침묵공 빌럼]]의 지시에 의해 별모양으로 만들어져 [[1593년]] 완공된, [[네덜란드]] [[그로닝언주]] [[부탕거]] 마을에 있는 요새다. 요새의 목적은 [[80년 전쟁]] 당시 스페인이 다스리고 있던 [[그로닝언시]]와 독일을 잇는 유일한 도로를 통제하기 위한 것이었다.

1672년에 있었던 전투 이후, 요새는 1851년까지 네덜란드와 독일 간의 국경 방어망으로 활용되었으나 1851년 기지가 철수되면서 마을로 변했다. 현재는 역사 박물관으로 기능하고 있다.  

<!-- At the start of the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648), the Spaniards had control over Groningen and the passage to Germany through a marshy area. William, the instigator of the Dutch Revolt, deemed it necessary to seize control of the link between Groningen and Germany. He decided to have a fortification built in the Bourtange passage. A fort was completed in 1593, with a network of canals and lakes which were used as moats. Soon after its construction, Spanish forces from Groningen besieged it, though the attack ended in failure.[1]

Fort Bourtange faced another siege in 1672 against invading forces of Christoph Bernhard von Galen the Prince-Bishop of Münster, France's German ally in the Franco-Dutch War. After capturing 28 cities and towns in the northern Netherlands, they demanded that the fort be surrendered. The fort's governor, Captain Protts, refused, and the Münsters replied with a frontal assault. Thanks to the surrounding marshes and the time-tested fortifications, the invading army was repelled successfully.[2]

After its conversion into a village in 1851, living conditions began to deteriorate. Over 100 years later in 1960, the local government decided to stop the decline by restoring the old fort to its 1740–50 appearance and converting into a historical museum. -->

== 주와 참고문헌 ==