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	<title>게마인샤프트와 게젤샤프트 - 편집 역사</title>
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	<updated>2026-04-17T10:58:25Z</updated>
	<subtitle>이 문서의 편집 역사</subtitle>
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		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7507&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2024년 7월 29일 (월) 04:19에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2024-07-29T04:19:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024년 7월 29일 (월) 13:19 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;13번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;13번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;! 게마인샤프트 !! 게젤샤프트  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;! 게마인샤프트 !! 게젤샤프트  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| 실제적이며 유기적인 삶{{small|reales und organisches leben}}|| 이념적이며 기계적 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;형태&lt;/del&gt;{{small|ideelle und mechanische bildung}}  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| 실제적이며 유기적인 삶{{small|reales und organisches leben}}|| 이념적이며 기계적 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;형성물&lt;/ins&gt;{{small|ideelle und mechanische bildung}}  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| 신뢰 가능하며, 편안하고, 독점적인 공동생활{{small|Vertraute, heimliche, ausschließlichen}} || &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| 지속적이고 진정한 공동생활{{small|das dauernde und echte zusammenleben}} || 임시적이며 가시적인 것{{small|vorübergehendes und scheinbares}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|-&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| 신뢰 가능하며, 편안하고, 독점적인 공동생활&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;{{small|Vertraute, heimliche, ausschließlichen &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;zusammenleben&lt;/ins&gt;}} || &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;공중, 세계{{small|die deffentlichfeit und die Welt}} &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|-&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| 농촌{{Small|Das land}} || 도시문화{{small|Die Städtische Kurtur}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7506&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2024년 7월 29일 (월) 02:31에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7506&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-07-29T02:31:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024년 7월 29일 (월) 11:31 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{윗설명|페르디난드 퇴니스의 사회 결속유형 개념}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{윗설명|페르디난드 퇴니스의 사회 결속유형 개념}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게마인샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게젤샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 퇴니스]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 [[사회관계]]를 유형화하기 위해 제안한 개념이다. 퇴니스에 따르면, 게젤샤프트는 근대사회와 이성적 자기욕구와 결합되어, 기존의 가족유대와 지역사회로 대표되는 게마인샤프트를 약화한다. 사회학의 창시에 기여한 [[막스 베버]]도 이 두 개념 사이의 관계에 대한 다수의 기록을 남겼다{{Sfn|Waters|2017}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게마인샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게젤샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 퇴니스]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 [[사회관계]]를 유형화하기 위해 제안한 개념이다. 퇴니스에 따르면, 게젤샤프트는 근대사회와 이성적 자기욕구와 결합되어, 기존의 가족유대와 지역사회로 대표되는 게마인샤프트를 약화한다. 사회학의 창시에 기여한 [[막스 베버]]도 이 두 개념 사이의 관계에 대한 다수의 기록을 남겼다{{Sfn|Waters|2017}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== 형성 과정 ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;퇴니스는 [[토마스 홉스]] 연구자로서, 홉스의 주요 저서인 《법의 기초》와 《[[리바이어던]]》의 표준 현대어역판을 편집했다. 홉스에 대한 연구가 깊어지면서 퇴니스는 [[역사철학]]과 [[법철학]]에 더욱 매진하게 되었으며, 그 결과 두 개념으 홉스의 화합{{Small|concord}}과 연합{{small|union}}이라는 분류에서 도출하게 되었다는 주장이 있다&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last=Hont|first=Istvan|editor=Kapossy, Béla|editor2=Sonenscher, Michael|title=Politics in Commercial Society: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith|date=2015|publisher=Harvard UP|location=Cambridge, MA|page=6}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 개념 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 개념 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스에 따르면, 사회적 결속은 이분법적 관점에서 개별적인 [[사회적 상호작용]], 역할, 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용이 낳는 신념들인 게마인샤프트, 또는 간접적 상호작용, 비인격적 역할, 공적 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용들이 낳는 신념인 게젤샤프트로 나뉠 수 있다. 특히 게젤샤프트는 현대 회사, 근대국가 및 학계 등과 같은 법인과 결부된다{{Sfn|Tönnies|1887}}. 퇴니스는 이 [[이항대립]]을 순수한 개념도구로 보았는데, 이는 막스 베버가 이 이항을 역사적 사회변화의 핵심 구성요소인 [[이념형]]으로서 보는 것과는 대조된다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스에 따르면, 사회적 결속은 이분법적 관점에서 개별적인 [[사회적 상호작용]], 역할, 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용이 낳는 신념들인 게마인샤프트, 또는 간접적 상호작용, 비인격적 역할, 공적 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용들이 낳는 신념인 게젤샤프트로 나뉠 수 있다. 특히 게젤샤프트는 현대 회사, 근대국가 및 학계 등과 같은 법인과 결부된다{{Sfn|Tönnies|1887}}. 퇴니스는 이 [[이항대립]]을 순수한 개념도구로 보았는데, 이는 막스 베버가 이 이항을 역사적 사회변화의 핵심 구성요소인 [[이념형]]으로서 보는 것과는 대조된다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스는 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[토마스 홉스]] 연구자로서, 홉스의 주요 저서인 《법의 기초》와 《[[리바이어던]]》의 표준 현대어역판을 편집했다. 홉스에 대한 연구가 깊어지면서 퇴니스는 [[역사철학]]과 [[법철학]]에 더욱 매진하게 되었으며, 그 결과 두 개념으 홉스의 화합&lt;/del&gt;{{&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Small&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;concord&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;과 연합&lt;/del&gt;{{small|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;union&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이라는 분류에서 도출하게 되었다는 주장이 있다&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;{{&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cite book&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;last=Hont&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;first=Istvan&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;editor=Kapossy&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Béla&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;editor2=Sonenscher&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Michael&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;title=Politics in Commercial Society: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith|date=2015&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;publisher=Harvard UP&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;location=Cambridge, MA|page=6&lt;/del&gt;}&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스는 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;책의 첫 문단에서부터 게마인샤프트와 게젤샤프트를 다음과 같이 구분한다&lt;/ins&gt;{{&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sfn|Tönnies&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1922|p=3-5&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin: auto;&quot;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|-&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;! 게마인샤프트 !! 게젤샤프트 &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|-&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| 실제적이며 유기적인 삶&lt;/ins&gt;{{small|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;reales und organisches leben&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|| 이념적이며 기계적 형태&lt;/ins&gt;{{&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;small&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ideelle und mechanische bildung}} &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;신뢰 가능하며, 편안하고&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;독점적인 공동생활{{small&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vertraute, heimliche&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ausschließlichen}} &lt;/ins&gt;|| &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l23&quot;&gt;23번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;34번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{서적 인용|성=세넷|이름=리처드|제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜=2020-01-03 |출판사=김영사 |isbn=978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽=99-100 |확인날짜=2024-06-21|ref=CITEREF세넷2020}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{서적 인용|성=세넷|이름=리처드|제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜=2020-01-03 |출판사=김영사 |isbn=978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽=99-100 |확인날짜=2024-06-21|ref=CITEREF세넷2020}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{cite book |성=Waters |이름=Tony |title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology |date=2007-02-15 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-4051-2433-1 |edition=1 |doi=10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0770 |access-date=2024-07-09 |언어고리=en |chapter=Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Societies|ref=CITEREFWaters2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{cite book |성=Waters |이름=Tony |title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology |date=2007-02-15 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-4051-2433-1 |edition=1 |doi=10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0770 |access-date=2024-07-09 |언어고리=en |chapter=Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Societies|ref=CITEREFWaters2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{서적 인용|성=Tönnies|이름=Ferdinand|연도=1887|제목=Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft|위치=Leipzig|출판사=Fues&#039;s Verlag|언어고리=de}}&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;[[한국어]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;번역&lt;/del&gt;: {{서적 인용|이름=페르디난트|성=퇴니스|번역자1=곽노완|번역자2=황기우|제목=공동사회와 이익사회 - 순수사회학의 기본개념|ISBN=979-11-8835-003-2|출판사=라움|날짜=2017-10-30}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;《1판》&#039;&#039;&#039;: &lt;/ins&gt;{{서적 인용|성=Tönnies|이름=Ferdinand|연도=1887|제목=Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft|위치=Leipzig|출판사=Fues&#039;s Verlag|언어고리=de}}&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;; &#039;&#039;&#039;《3판》&#039;&#039;&#039;: {{서적 인용|언어고리=de|제목=Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft : Grundbegriffe der reinen Soziologie|이름=Tönnies|성=Ferdinand|년도=1922|위치=Berlin|출판사=Carl Curtius|url=https://archive.org/details/gemeinschaftundg00tn|보존일자=2011-05-17|ref=CITEREFTönnies1922}}; &#039;&#039;&#039;《&lt;/ins&gt;[[한국어]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;번역》&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;: {{서적 인용|이름=페르디난트|성=퇴니스|번역자1=곽노완|번역자2=황기우|제목=공동사회와 이익사회 - 순수사회학의 기본개념|ISBN=979-11-8835-003-2|출판사=라움|날짜=2017-10-30}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[분류:사회학 개념]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[분류:사회학 개념]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7497&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2024년 7월 19일 (금) 11:01에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2024-07-19T11:01:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024년 7월 19일 (금) 20:01 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;5번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;5번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스에 따르면, 사회적 결속은 이분법적 관점에서 개별적인 [[사회적 상호작용]], 역할, 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용이 낳는 신념들인 게마인샤프트, 또는 간접적 상호작용, 비인격적 역할, 공적 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용들이 낳는 신념인 게젤샤프트로 나뉠 수 있다. 특히 게젤샤프트는 현대 회사, 근대국가 및 학계 등과 같은 법인과 결부된다{{Sfn|Tönnies|1887}}. 퇴니스는 이 [[이항대립]]을 순수한 개념도구로 보았는데, 이는 막스 베버가 이 이항을 역사적 사회변화의 핵심 구성요소인 [[이념형]]으로서 보는 것과는 대조된다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스에 따르면, 사회적 결속은 이분법적 관점에서 개별적인 [[사회적 상호작용]], 역할, 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용이 낳는 신념들인 게마인샤프트, 또는 간접적 상호작용, 비인격적 역할, 공적 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용들이 낳는 신념인 게젤샤프트로 나뉠 수 있다. 특히 게젤샤프트는 현대 회사, 근대국가 및 학계 등과 같은 법인과 결부된다{{Sfn|Tönnies|1887}}. 퇴니스는 이 [[이항대립]]을 순수한 개념도구로 보았는데, 이는 막스 베버가 이 이항을 역사적 사회변화의 핵심 구성요소인 [[이념형]]으로서 보는 것과는 대조된다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스는 [[토마스 홉스]] 연구자로서, 홉스의 주요 저서인 《법의 기초》와 《[[리바이어던]]》의 표준 현대어역판을 편집했다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;퇴니스는 [[토마스 홉스]] 연구자로서, 홉스의 주요 저서인 《법의 기초》와 《[[리바이어던]]》의 표준 현대어역판을 편집했다. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;홉스에 대한 연구가 깊어지면서 퇴니스는 [[역사철학]]과 [[법철학]]에 더욱 매진하게 되었으며, 그 결과 두 개념으 홉스의 화합{{Small|concord}}과 연합{{small|union}}이라는 분류에서 도출하게 되었다는 주장이 있다&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last=Hont|first=Istvan|editor=Kapossy, Béla|editor2=Sonenscher, Michael|title=Politics in Commercial Society: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith|date=2015|publisher=Harvard UP|location=Cambridge, MA|page=6}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--Tönnies was a [[Thomas Hobbes]] scholar{{mdash}}he edited the standard modern editions of Hobbes&#039;s &#039;&#039;The Elements of Law&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hobbes|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Tönnies|editor1-first=Ferdinand|title=The Elements of Law Natural and Politic|date=1889|publisher=Simpkin, Marshall &amp;amp; Co.|location=London}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and &#039;&#039;Leviathan&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hobbes|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Tönnies|editor1-first=Ferdinand|title=Behemoth or the Long Parliament|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028063893|date=1889|publisher=Simpkin, Marshall &amp;amp; Co.|location=London}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; It was his study of Hobbes that encouraged Tönnies to devote himself wholly to the [[philosophy of history]] and the [[philosophy of law]]. And it has been argued that he derived both categories from Hobbes&#039;s concepts of &quot;concord&quot; and &quot;union&quot;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hont|first1=Istvan|editor1-last=Kapossy|editor1-first=Béla|editor2-last=Sonenscher|editor2-first=Michael|title=Politics in Commercial Society: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith|date=2015|publisher=Harvard UP|location=Cambridge, MA|page=6}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--Tönnies was a [[Thomas Hobbes]] scholar{{mdash}}he edited the standard modern editions of Hobbes&#039;s &#039;&#039;The Elements of Law&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hobbes|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Tönnies|editor1-first=Ferdinand|title=The Elements of Law Natural and Politic|date=1889|publisher=Simpkin, Marshall &amp;amp; Co.|location=London}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and &#039;&#039;Leviathan&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hobbes|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Tönnies|editor1-first=Ferdinand|title=Behemoth or the Long Parliament|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028063893|date=1889|publisher=Simpkin, Marshall &amp;amp; Co.|location=London}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; It was his study of Hobbes that encouraged Tönnies to devote himself wholly to the [[philosophy of history]] and the [[philosophy of law]]. And it has been argued that he derived both categories from Hobbes&#039;s concepts of &quot;concord&quot; and &quot;union&quot;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The second edition, published in 1912, of the work in which Tönnies further promoted the concepts turned out to be an unexpected but lasting success&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Published with a more abstract subtitle &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Basic Terms of Pure Sociology&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (In German: &amp;quot;Grundbegriffe der reinen Soziologie&amp;quot;).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after the first edition was published in 1887 with the subtitle &amp;quot;Treatise on Communism and Socialism as Empirical Patterns of Culture&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In German: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Abhandlung des Communismus und des Socialismus als empirischer Culturformen&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Seven more German editions followed, the last in 1935,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The 1935 edition was reprinted in 2005 by Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and it became part of the general stock of ideas with which pre-1933 German intellectuals were quite familiar. The book sparked a revival of [[Corporatism|corporatist]] thinking, including the rise of [[neo-medievalism]], the rise of support for [[guild socialism]], and caused major changes in the field of sociology.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Peter F. Klarén 1986. Pp. 221&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Peter F. Klarén, Thomas J. Bossert. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Promise of development: theories of change in Latin America&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Westview Press, 1986. P. 221.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The distinction between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft was a large part of the discussion and debate about what constitutes community, among heavily influenced social theorists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century such as [[Georg Simmel]], [[Émile Durkheim]] and [[Max Weber]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the City|last=Caves|first=R. W.|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|pages=288}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The second edition, published in 1912, of the work in which Tönnies further promoted the concepts turned out to be an unexpected but lasting success&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Published with a more abstract subtitle &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Basic Terms of Pure Sociology&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (In German: &amp;quot;Grundbegriffe der reinen Soziologie&amp;quot;).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after the first edition was published in 1887 with the subtitle &amp;quot;Treatise on Communism and Socialism as Empirical Patterns of Culture&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In German: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Abhandlung des Communismus und des Socialismus als empirischer Culturformen&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Seven more German editions followed, the last in 1935,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The 1935 edition was reprinted in 2005 by Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and it became part of the general stock of ideas with which pre-1933 German intellectuals were quite familiar. The book sparked a revival of [[Corporatism|corporatist]] thinking, including the rise of [[neo-medievalism]], the rise of support for [[guild socialism]], and caused major changes in the field of sociology.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Peter F. Klarén 1986. Pp. 221&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Peter F. Klarén, Thomas J. Bossert. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Promise of development: theories of change in Latin America&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Westview Press, 1986. P. 221.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The distinction between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft was a large part of the discussion and debate about what constitutes community, among heavily influenced social theorists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century such as [[Georg Simmel]], [[Émile Durkheim]] and [[Max Weber]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the City|last=Caves|first=R. W.|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|pages=288}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7481&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2024년 7월 9일 (화) 05:40에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2024-07-09T05:40:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024년 7월 9일 (화) 14:40 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;게마인샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &#039;&#039;&#039;게젤샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;퇴니에스&lt;/del&gt;]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 제안한 개념이다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{윗설명|페르디난드 퇴니스의 사회 결속유형 개념}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;게마인샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &#039;&#039;&#039;게젤샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;퇴니스&lt;/ins&gt;]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[사회관계]]를 유형화하기 위해 &lt;/ins&gt;제안한 개념이다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. 퇴니스에 따르면, 게젤샤프트는 근대사회와 이성적 자기욕구와 결합되어, 기존의 가족유대와 지역사회로 대표되는 게마인샤프트를 약화한다. 사회학의 창시에 기여한 [[막스 베버]]도 이 두 개념 사이의 관계에 대한 다수의 기록을 남겼다{{Sfn|Waters|2017}}&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;개요 &lt;/del&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;개념 &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;퇴니스에 따르면, 사회적 결속은 이분법적 관점에서 개별적인 [[사회적 상호작용]], 역할, 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용이 낳는 신념들인 게마인샤프트, 또는 간접적 상호작용, 비인격적 역할, 공적 가치와 함께 이러한 상호작용들이 낳는 신념인 게젤샤프트로 나뉠 수 있다. 특히 게젤샤프트는 현대 회사, 근대국가 및 학계 등과 같은 법인과 결부된다{{Sfn|Tönnies|1887}}. 퇴니스는 이 [[이항대립]]을 순수한 개념도구로 보았는데, 이는 막스 베버가 이 이항을 역사적 사회변화의 핵심 구성요소인 [[이념형]]으로서 보는 것과는 대조된다. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;퇴니스는 [[토마스 홉스]] 연구자로서, 홉스의 주요 저서인 《법의 기초》와 《[[리바이어던]]》의 표준 현대어역판을 편집했다. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!--Tönnies was a [[Thomas Hobbes]] scholar{{mdash}}he edited the standard modern editions of Hobbes&#039;s &#039;&#039;The Elements of Law&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hobbes|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Tönnies|editor1-first=Ferdinand|title=The Elements of Law Natural and Politic|date=1889|publisher=Simpkin, Marshall &amp;amp; Co.|location=London}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and &#039;&#039;Leviathan&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hobbes|first1=Thomas|editor1-last=Tönnies|editor1-first=Ferdinand|title=Behemoth or the Long Parliament|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028063893|date=1889|publisher=Simpkin, Marshall &amp;amp; Co.|location=London}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; It was his study of Hobbes that encouraged Tönnies to devote himself wholly to the [[philosophy of history]] and the [[philosophy of law]]. And it has been argued that he derived both categories from Hobbes&#039;s concepts of &quot;concord&quot; and &quot;union&quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Hont|first1=Istvan|editor1-last=Kapossy|editor1-first=Béla|editor2-last=Sonenscher|editor2-first=Michael|title=Politics in Commercial Society: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith|date=2015|publisher=Harvard UP|location=Cambridge, MA|page=6}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The second edition, published in 1912, of the work in which Tönnies further promoted the concepts turned out to be an unexpected but lasting success&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Published with a more abstract subtitle &#039;&#039;Basic Terms of Pure Sociology&#039;&#039; (In German: &quot;Grundbegriffe der reinen Soziologie&quot;).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after the first edition was published in 1887 with the subtitle &quot;Treatise on Communism and Socialism as Empirical Patterns of Culture&quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In German: &#039;&#039;Abhandlung des Communismus und des Socialismus als empirischer Culturformen&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Seven more German editions followed, the last in 1935,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The 1935 edition was reprinted in 2005 by Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and it became part of the general stock of ideas with which pre-1933 German intellectuals were quite familiar. The book sparked a revival of [[Corporatism|corporatist]] thinking, including the rise of [[neo-medievalism]], the rise of support for [[guild socialism]], and caused major changes in the field of sociology.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Peter F. Klarén 1986. Pp. 221&quot;&amp;gt;Peter F. Klarén, Thomas J. Bossert. &#039;&#039;Promise of development: theories of change in Latin America&#039;&#039;. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Westview Press, 1986. P. 221.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The distinction between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft was a large part of the discussion and debate about what constitutes community, among heavily influenced social theorists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century such as [[Georg Simmel]], [[Émile Durkheim]] and [[Max Weber]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the City|last=Caves|first=R. W.|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|pages=288}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 비판 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 비판 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[시카고학파]]는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라, 게마인샤프트를 여성의 것, 게젤샤프트를 남성의 것으로 돌리는 등 여러 오류를 저질렀다고 비판했다&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;sen20&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;{{&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;서적 인용&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성=&lt;/del&gt;세넷|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이름=리처드|제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2020-01-03 |출판사&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;김영사 |isbn&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;99-100 &lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;확인날짜=2024-06-21&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[시카고학파]]는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라, 게마인샤프트를 여성의 것, 게젤샤프트를 남성의 것으로 돌리는 등 여러 오류를 저질렀다고 비판했다{{&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Sfn&lt;/ins&gt;|세넷|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2020}}.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;주 &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Reflist&lt;/ins&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;reflist&lt;/del&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* &lt;/ins&gt;{{&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;서적 인용&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성=세넷|이름=리처드|제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜=2020-01-03 |출판사=김영사 |isbn=978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽=99-100 |확인날짜=2024-06-21|ref=CITEREF세넷2020}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{cite book |성=Waters |이름=Tony |title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology |date=2007-02-15 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-4051-2433-1 |edition=1 |doi=10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0770 |access-date=2024-07-09 |언어고리=en |chapter=Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Societies|ref=CITEREFWaters2017}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{서적 인용|성=Tönnies|이름=Ferdinand|연도=1887|제목=Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft|위치=Leipzig|출판사=Fues&#039;s Verlag|언어고리=de}}, [[한국어]] 번역: {{서적 인용|이름=페르디난트|성=퇴니스|번역자1=곽노완|번역자2=황기우|제목=공동사회와 이익사회 - 순수사회학의 기본개념|ISBN=979-11-8835-003-2|출판사=라움|날짜=2017-10-30&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[분류:사회학 개념]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[분류:사회학 개념]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key ellifgkr_wiki-medialif:diff:1.41:old-7470:rev-7481:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7470&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Ellif: /* 비판 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7470&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-22T02:55:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;비판&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024년 6월 22일 (토) 11:55 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l4&quot;&gt;4번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;4번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 비판 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 비판 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[시카고학파]]는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라, 게마인샤프트를 여성의 것, 게젤샤프트를 남성의 것으로 돌리는 등 여러 오류를 저질렀다고 비판했다&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;sen20&quot;&amp;gt;{{서적 인용|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성1&lt;/del&gt;=세넷|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이름1&lt;/del&gt;=리처드 |제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜=2020-01-03 |출판사=김영사 |isbn=978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽=99-100 |확인날짜=2024-06-21}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[시카고학파]]는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라, 게마인샤프트를 여성의 것, 게젤샤프트를 남성의 것으로 돌리는 등 여러 오류를 저질렀다고 비판했다&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;sen20&quot;&amp;gt;{{서적 인용|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성&lt;/ins&gt;=세넷|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이름&lt;/ins&gt;=리처드|제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜=2020-01-03 |출판사=김영사 |isbn=978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽=99-100 |확인날짜=2024-06-21}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7468&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2024년 6월 22일 (토) 00:58에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2024-06-22T00:58:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024년 6월 22일 (토) 09:58 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;게마인샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &#039;&#039;&#039;게젤샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;게젤샤프트&lt;/del&gt;[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 퇴니에스]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 제안한 개념이다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;게마인샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &#039;&#039;&#039;게젤샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 퇴니에스]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 제안한 개념이다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 개요 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 개요 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7467&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Ellif: 새 문서: &#039;&#039;&#039;게마인샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &#039;&#039;&#039;게젤샤프트&#039;&#039;&#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|게젤샤프트[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 페르디난드 퇴니에스{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 제안한 개념이다.  == 개요 ==  == 비판 == 시카고학파는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라,...</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%99%80_%EA%B2%8C%EC%A0%A4%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8&amp;diff=7467&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-21T09:00:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;새 문서: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게마인샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게젤샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|게젤샤프트[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 &lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%94%94%EB%82%9C%EB%93%9C_%ED%87%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;페르디난드 퇴니에스 (없는 문서)&quot;&gt;페르디난드 퇴니에스&lt;/a&gt;{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 제안한 개념이다.  == 개요 ==  == 비판 == &lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=%EC%8B%9C%EC%B9%B4%EA%B3%A0%ED%95%99%ED%8C%8C&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;시카고학파 (없는 문서)&quot;&gt;시카고학파&lt;/a&gt;는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라,...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;새 문서&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게마인샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(공동사회[共同社會], {{llang|de|Gemeinschaft|[ɡəˈmaɪnʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|community}})와 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;게젤샤프트&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;(이익사회[利益社會],  {{llang|de|Gesellschaft|게젤샤프트[ɡəˈzɛlʃaft]}}, {{llang|en|society}})는 [[페르디난드 퇴니에스]]{{Small|Ferdinand Tönnies}}가 제안한 개념이다.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== 개요 ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== 비판 ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[시카고학파]]는 퇴니에스가 커뮤니티와 일의 업무를 구분했을 뿐만이 아니라, 게마인샤프트를 여성의 것, 게젤샤프트를 남성의 것으로 돌리는 등 여러 오류를 저질렀다고 비판했다&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;sen20&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{서적 인용|성1=세넷|이름1=리처드 |제목=짓기와 거주하기 |날짜=2020-01-03 |출판사=김영사 |isbn=978-89-349-9966-9 |쪽=99-100 |확인날짜=2024-06-21}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== 참고문헌 ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[분류:사회학 개념]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>