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	<title>객체화 - 편집 역사</title>
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	<updated>2026-05-30T12:59:12Z</updated>
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		<title>2023년 10월 19일 (목) 16:49에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2023-10-19T16:49:00Z</updated>

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&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 20일 (금) 01:49 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;객체화&#039;&#039;&#039;, 또는 &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;대상화&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;({{llang|en|Objectification}})는 나와 다른 사람이나 모임, 종족 등의 집단이 가진 [[비인간화|사람됨을 부정하고]], 이를 객체나 물건으로 취급하는 의도를 가지고 이를 실천하는 행위이다. 이 개념의 하위 개념으로, 자신을 객체화하는 자발적 객체화(self-objectification)와 사람을 성적 욕구 충족을 위한 객체만으로 다루는 &#039;&#039;&#039;[[성적대상화]]&#039;&#039;&#039;(Sexual objectification)가 있다. 특히 [[맑시즘]]에서는 사회관계의 객체화를 [[물화]]로 다룬다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;객체화&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;&#039;대상화&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;, 또는 &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;타자화&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;({{llang|en|Objectification}})는 나와 다른 사람이나 모임, 종족 등의 집단이 가진 [[비인간화|사람됨을 부정하고]], 이를 객체나 물건으로 취급하는 의도를 가지고 이를 실천하는 행위이다. 이 개념의 하위 개념으로, 자신을 객체화하는 자발적 객체화(self-objectification)와 사람을 성적 욕구 충족을 위한 객체만으로 다루는 &#039;&#039;&#039;[[성적대상화]]&#039;&#039;&#039;(Sexual objectification)가 있다. 특히 [[맑시즘]]에서는 사회관계의 객체화를 [[물화]]로 다룬다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 정의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 정의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l52&quot;&gt;52번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;52번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Baptista|이름=M.M.R.|성2=Himmel|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이름&lt;/del&gt;=R.I.P.d.|제목=‘For Fun’: (De) Humanizing Gisberta—The Violence of Binary Gender Social Representation|저널=Sexuality &amp;amp; Culture|권=20|쪽=639–656|해=2016|doi=10.1007/s12119-016-9350-5|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBaptistaHimmel2016}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Baptista|이름=M.M.R.|성2=Himmel|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이름2&lt;/ins&gt;=R.I.P.d.|제목=‘For Fun’: (De) Humanizing Gisberta—The Violence of Binary Gender Social Representation|저널=Sexuality &amp;amp; Culture|권=20|쪽=639–656|해=2016|doi=10.1007/s12119-016-9350-5|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBaptistaHimmel2016}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Bell|이름=BT.|성2=Cassarly|이름2=JA.|성3=Dunbar|이름3=L.|해=2018|제목= Selfie-Objectification: Self-Objectification and Positive Feedback (&amp;quot;Likes&amp;quot;) are Associated with Frequency of Posting Sexually Objectifying Self-Images on Social Media|저널=Body image|권=26|쪽=83–89|doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.06.005|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBellCassarlyDunbar2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Bell|이름=BT.|성2=Cassarly|이름2=JA.|성3=Dunbar|이름3=L.|해=2018|제목= Selfie-Objectification: Self-Objectification and Positive Feedback (&amp;quot;Likes&amp;quot;) are Associated with Frequency of Posting Sexually Objectifying Self-Images on Social Media|저널=Body image|권=26|쪽=83–89|doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.06.005|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBellCassarlyDunbar2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성= Brewster|이름=Melanie E.|성2=Velez|이름2=Brandon L.|성3=Breslow|이름3=Aaron S.|성4=Geiger|이름4=Elizabeth F|날짜=2019-03|제목=Unpacking body image concerns and disordered eating for transgender women: The roles of sexual objectification and minority stress|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=66|호=2|쪽=131–142|doi=10.1037/cou0000333|ISSN=1939-2168|PMID=30702325|S2CID=73413917|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBrewsterVelezBreslowGeiger2019}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성= Brewster|이름=Melanie E.|성2=Velez|이름2=Brandon L.|성3=Breslow|이름3=Aaron S.|성4=Geiger|이름4=Elizabeth F|날짜=2019-03|제목=Unpacking body image concerns and disordered eating for transgender women: The roles of sexual objectification and minority stress|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=66|호=2|쪽=131–142|doi=10.1037/cou0000333|ISSN=1939-2168|PMID=30702325|S2CID=73413917|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBrewsterVelezBreslowGeiger2019}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l64&quot;&gt;64번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;64번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|언어고리=en|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2007}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|언어고리=en|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2007}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|이름=Brian A.|성=Rood|이름2=Sari L.|성2=Reisner|이름3=Jae A.|성3=Puckett|이름4=Francisco I|성4=Surace|이름5=Ariel K.|성5=Berman|이름6=David W|성6=Pantalone|해=2017|제목=Internalized transphobia: Exploring perceptions of social messages in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults|저널=International Journal of Transgenderism|권=18|호=4|쪽=411-426 |doi=10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048|ISSN=1553-2739|S2CID=148773063|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFRoodReisnerPuckettSurace2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|이름=Brian A.|성=Rood|이름2=Sari L.|성2=Reisner|이름3=Jae A.|성3=Puckett|이름4=Francisco I|성4=Surace|이름5=Ariel K.|성5=Berman|이름6=David W|성6=Pantalone|해=2017|제목=Internalized transphobia: Exploring perceptions of social messages in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults|저널=International Journal of Transgenderism|권=18|호=4|쪽=411-426 |doi=10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048|ISSN=1553-2739|S2CID=148773063|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFRoodReisnerPuckettSurace2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Sevelius|이름=Jae M|날짜=2012-09-30|제목=Gender Affirmation: A Framework for Conceptualizing Risk Behavior Among Transgender Women of Color|저널=Sex Roles|권=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;68호&lt;/del&gt;=11–12|쪽=675–689|doi=10.1007/s11199-012-0216-5|ISSN=0360-0025|PMC= 3667985|PMID=23729971|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFSevelius2013}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Sevelius|이름=Jae M|날짜=2012-09-30|제목=Gender Affirmation: A Framework for Conceptualizing Risk Behavior Among Transgender Women of Color|저널=Sex Roles|권=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;68|호&lt;/ins&gt;=11–12|쪽=675–689|doi=10.1007/s11199-012-0216-5|ISSN=0360-0025|PMC= 3667985|PMID=23729971|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFSevelius2013}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Strübel|이름=Jessica|성2=Sabik|이름2=Natalie J.|성3=Tylka|이름3=Tracy L.|날짜=2020-12-01|제목=Body image and depressive symptoms among transgender and cisgender adults: Examining a model integrating the tripartite influence model and objectification theory|저널=Body Image|권=35|쪽=53–62| doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.004|ISSN=1740-1445|PMID=32846389|S2CID=221347929|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFStrübelSabikTylka2020}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Strübel|이름=Jessica|성2=Sabik|이름2=Natalie J.|성3=Tylka|이름3=Tracy L.|날짜=2020-12-01|제목=Body image and depressive symptoms among transgender and cisgender adults: Examining a model integrating the tripartite influence model and objectification theory|저널=Body Image|권=35|쪽=53–62| doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.004|ISSN=1740-1445|PMID=32846389|S2CID=221347929|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFStrübelSabikTylka2020}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EWP|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EWP|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7364&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2023년 10월 19일 (목) 10:18에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7364&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-19T10:18:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 19일 (목) 19:18 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l39&quot;&gt;39번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;39번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐구결과들이 주로 시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 젠더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 예를 들어, 심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [[성별불쾌감]]를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가, 미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해, 트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 젠더[[이항대립|이항]]은 미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다{{Sfn|Baptista|Himmel|2016}}. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나, 트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐구결과들이 주로 시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 젠더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 예를 들어, 심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [[성별불쾌감]]를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가, 미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해, 트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 젠더[[이항대립|이항]]은 미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다{{Sfn|Baptista|Himmel|2016}}. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나, 트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[트렌스젠더]] 당사자는 자신의 젠더정체성을 합법화하기 위해 자신의 몸을 계속 모니터링하며 사회의 외모 이상형을 내면화할 수 있다{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}. 그 과정에서 자신의 상태와 이상간의 격차로 인해 사회수용도가 낮게 머물면서 자기 저평가{{s|devaluation}}와 낙인화, 우울증상이 일어난다{{Sfn|Kosenko|2011}}. 어떤 트렌스젠더는 사회 기준에 맞아 들어가기 위해 이항적 신체이미지를 수용하고 이를 향해 나가야만 할 듯한 느낌을 받는다{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}. 객체화는 젠더정체성을 무시하고 성전환한 사람을 젠더의 이상적 표현에 기반해 분류한다. 객체화는 사회적 인정을 통해 자신의 젠더정체성을 확증하고 표현하고자 하는 개인에게 문제이자 솔루션이 된다{{Sfn|Sevelius|2013}}. 이상적 남성의 물리적 특성에는 근육이나 강건한 묘사가 들어가 있으며 트렌스젠더 남성은 과도한 운동과 스테로이드 주입을 통해 이 기준에 맞추려고 할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 여성도 자신의 몸이 과섹슈얼화된 신체로 줄어드는 듯한 시스젠더 여성과 같은 객체화를 경험할 수 있다{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[트렌스젠더]] 당사자는 자신의 젠더정체성을 합법화하기 위해 자신의 몸을 계속 모니터링하며 사회의 외모 이상형을 내면화할 수 있다{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}. 그 과정에서 자신의 상태와 이상간의 격차로 인해 사회수용도가 낮게 머물면서 자기 저평가{{s|devaluation}}와 낙인화, 우울증상이 일어난다{{Sfn|Kosenko|2011}}. 어떤 트렌스젠더는 사회 기준에 맞아 들어가기 위해 이항적 신체이미지를 수용하고 이를 향해 나가야만 할 듯한 느낌을 받는다{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}. 객체화는 젠더정체성을 무시하고 성전환한 사람을 젠더의 이상적 표현에 기반해 분류한다. 객체화는 사회적 인정을 통해 자신의 젠더정체성을 확증하고 표현하고자 하는 개인에게 문제이자 솔루션이 된다{{Sfn|Sevelius|2013}}. 이상적 남성의 물리적 특성에는 근육이나 강건한 묘사가 들어가 있으며 트렌스젠더 남성은 과도한 운동과 스테로이드 주입을 통해 이 기준에 맞추려고 할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 여성도 자신의 몸이 과섹슈얼화된 신체로 줄어드는 듯한 시스젠더 여성과 같은 객체화를 경험할 수 있다{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;트렌스젠더 개인은 자신의 젠더 정체성 확증하기 위해 부작용 가능성이 높은 실리콘을 불법주입하거나, 성노동에 참여해 [&lt;/ins&gt;[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성전파 질환&lt;/ins&gt;]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;위험이 높아진다{{Sfn|Sevelius|2013}}&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;더 나아가&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;외모(키나 몸구조)가 젠더적 이상과 불일치할수록 트렌스젠더 개인의 젠더정체성은 방해되고&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;의학적 개입 이후에도 그들은 사회 기준에 맞지 않는다고 느낄 수 있다{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;트렌스젠더 개인은 전형성을 확증하는 행위를 유발하기 위해 쓰이는 ‘트렌스젠더 창녀’와 같이 &lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성적 대상화&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;를 통해 고착된 부정적 전형성을 내면화할 수 있으며&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;이는 낮은 자기만족감&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;자기저평가&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;무가치하다는 느낌, 더 나아가 [&lt;/ins&gt;[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;자살&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]과도 연결될 수 있다{{Sfn|Kosenko|2011}}. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!--Objectification ignores gender identity and categorizes individuals based on the ideal expression of gender which affects transitioned men and transitioned women.&lt;/del&gt;[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Objectification becomes a problem and solution for individuals attempting to affirm their gender identity and expression through social recognition.[15&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The ideal male physical attractiveness includes the portrayal of muscle and robustness and transgender men can attempt to conform to the standard through compulsive exercise and steroid injection&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[14] Transgender women experience similar objectification as cisgender women do according to the reduction of one&#039;s self to a mere hypersexualized body [14] Transgender individuals may attempt to affirm their gender identity through illegal practices such as using silicone injections that eventually results in harmful health consequences[15] Furthermore&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;transgender individuals may seek gender affirmation through sex work&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;increasing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases&lt;/del&gt;.[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;15] The discrepancy of appearance (e.g., height and body structure) may impede transgender individuals&#039; alignment with their gender identity and they do not feel as if they fit the social standards even after medical interventions.&lt;/del&gt;[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Transgender individuals may internalize the negative stereotypes perpetuated through sexual objectification such as &quot;transgender prostitute&quot; which has been found to induce stereotype affirming behaviors.[12&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Internalization of negative stereotypes have been linked to low self-esteem&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;devaluation&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;feelings of worthlessness and in the worst case&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;suicide.&lt;/del&gt;[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/del&gt;]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l69&quot;&gt;69번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;67번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Strübel|이름=Jessica|성2=Sabik|이름2=Natalie J.|성3=Tylka|이름3=Tracy L.|날짜=2020-12-01|제목=Body image and depressive symptoms among transgender and cisgender adults: Examining a model integrating the tripartite influence model and objectification theory|저널=Body Image|권=35|쪽=53–62| doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.004|ISSN=1740-1445|PMID=32846389|S2CID=221347929|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFStrübelSabikTylka2020}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Strübel|이름=Jessica|성2=Sabik|이름2=Natalie J.|성3=Tylka|이름3=Tracy L.|날짜=2020-12-01|제목=Body image and depressive symptoms among transgender and cisgender adults: Examining a model integrating the tripartite influence model and objectification theory|저널=Body Image|권=35|쪽=53–62| doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.004|ISSN=1740-1445|PMID=32846389|S2CID=221347929|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFStrübelSabikTylka2020}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;번역중&lt;/del&gt;|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;EWP&lt;/ins&gt;|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key ellifgkr_wiki-medialif:diff:1.41:old-7363:rev-7364:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7363&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2023년 10월 19일 (목) 06:41에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7363&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-19T06:41:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 19일 (목) 15:41 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l37&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐구결과들이 주로 시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 젠더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 예를 들어, 심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [[성별불쾌감]]를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가, 미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해, 트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 젠더[[이항대립|이항]]은 미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나, 트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐구결과들이 주로 시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 젠더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 예를 들어, 심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [[성별불쾌감]]를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가, 미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해, 트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 젠더[[이항대립|이항]]은 미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Sfn|Baptista|Himmel|2016}}&lt;/ins&gt;. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}&lt;/ins&gt;. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나, 트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[트렌스젠더]] 당사자는 자신의 젠더정체성을 합법화하기 위해 자신의 몸을 계속 모니터링하며 사회의 외모 이상형을 내면화할 수 있다. 그 과정에서 자신의 상태와 이상간의 격차로 인해 사회수용도가 낮게 머물면서 자기 저평가{{s|devaluation}}와 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;낙인화가 &lt;/del&gt;일어난다. 어떤 트렌스젠더는 사회 기준에 맞아 들어가기 위해 이항적 신체이미지를 수용하고 이를 향해 나가야만 할 듯한 느낌을 받는다. 객체화는 젠더정체성을 무시하고 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;개인을 &lt;/del&gt;젠더의 이상적 표현에 기반해 분류한다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[트렌스젠더]] 당사자는 자신의 젠더정체성을 합법화하기 위해 자신의 몸을 계속 모니터링하며 사회의 외모 이상형을 내면화할 수 있다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{sfn|Strübel|Sabik|Tylka|2020}}&lt;/ins&gt;. 그 과정에서 자신의 상태와 이상간의 격차로 인해 사회수용도가 낮게 머물면서 자기 저평가{{s|devaluation}}와 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;낙인화, 우울증상이 &lt;/ins&gt;일어난다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Sfn|Kosenko|2011}}&lt;/ins&gt;. 어떤 트렌스젠더는 사회 기준에 맞아 들어가기 위해 이항적 신체이미지를 수용하고 이를 향해 나가야만 할 듯한 느낌을 받는다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}&lt;/ins&gt;. 객체화는 젠더정체성을 무시하고 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성전환한 사람을 &lt;/ins&gt;젠더의 이상적 표현에 기반해 분류한다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. 객체화는 사회적 인정을 통해 자신의 젠더정체성을 확증하고 표현하고자 하는 개인에게 문제이자 솔루션이 된다{{Sfn|Sevelius|2013}}. 이상적 남성의 물리적 특성에는 근육이나 강건한 묘사가 들어가 있으며 트렌스젠더 남성은 과도한 운동과 스테로이드 주입을 통해 이 기준에 맞추려고 할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 여성도 자신의 몸이 과섹슈얼화된 신체로 줄어드는 듯한 시스젠더 여성과 같은 객체화를 경험할 수 있다{{Sfn|Brewster|Velez|Breslow|Geiger|2019}}&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Sexual orientation standards are inserted into social representations of gender as either masculine or feminine and this gender binary has been propagated through the media, peers, family, and other socio-cultural channels.[10] Through objectification and social representation, exaggerated body image ideals associated with masculinity and femininity encourage the objectification of one&#039;s body in order to adhere to these socio-cultural appearance ideals.[11] Although the theory of objectification was originally used to explain how the female body is reduced to its appearance, it can be used to analyze how transgender individuals approximate these ideals to be consistent with their gender.[11]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--Objectification ignores gender identity and categorizes individuals based on the ideal expression of gender which affects transitioned men and transitioned women.[14] Objectification becomes a problem and solution for individuals attempting to affirm their gender identity and expression through social recognition.[15] The ideal male physical attractiveness includes the portrayal of muscle and robustness and transgender men can attempt to conform to the standard through compulsive exercise and steroid injection.[14] Transgender women experience similar objectification as cisgender women do according to the reduction of one&#039;s self to a mere hypersexualized body [14] Transgender individuals may attempt to affirm their gender identity through illegal practices such as using silicone injections that eventually results in harmful health consequences[15] Furthermore, transgender individuals may seek gender affirmation through sex work, increasing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.[15] The discrepancy of appearance (e.g., height and body structure) may impede transgender individuals&#039; alignment with their gender identity and they do not feel as if they fit the social standards even after medical interventions.[14] Transgender individuals may internalize the negative stereotypes perpetuated through sexual objectification such as &quot;transgender prostitute&quot; which has been found to induce stereotype affirming behaviors.[12] Internalization of negative stereotypes have been linked to low self-esteem, devaluation, feelings of worthlessness and in the worst case, suicide.[12]--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The low level of social acceptance of transgender individuals provokes devaluation and stigmatization.[12] Transgender individuals may internalize societal appearance ideals through body monitoring and comparison in order to legitimize their gender identity.[11] Some transgender individuals feel as if they must adopt the binary body image and act towards it in order to fit into societal standards.[13] &lt;/del&gt;Objectification ignores gender identity and categorizes individuals based on the ideal expression of gender which affects transitioned men and transitioned women.[14] Objectification becomes a problem and solution for individuals attempting to affirm their gender identity and expression through social recognition.[15] The ideal male physical attractiveness includes the portrayal of muscle and robustness and transgender men can attempt to conform to the standard through compulsive exercise and steroid injection.[14] Transgender women experience similar objectification as cisgender women do according to the reduction of one&#039;s self to a mere hypersexualized body [14] Transgender individuals may attempt to affirm their gender identity through illegal practices such as using silicone injections that eventually results in harmful health consequences[15] Furthermore, transgender individuals may seek gender affirmation through sex work, increasing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.[15] The discrepancy of appearance (e.g., height and body structure) may impede transgender individuals&#039; alignment with their gender identity and they do not feel as if they fit the social standards even after medical interventions.[14] Transgender individuals may internalize the negative stereotypes perpetuated through sexual objectification such as &quot;transgender prostitute&quot; which has been found to induce stereotype affirming behaviors.[12] Internalization of negative stereotypes have been linked to low self-esteem, devaluation, feelings of worthlessness and in the worst case, suicide.[12]--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l56&quot;&gt;56번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;54번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Baptista|이름=M.M.R.|성2=Himmel|이름=R.I.P.d.|제목=‘For Fun’: (De) Humanizing Gisberta—The Violence of Binary Gender Social Representation|저널=Sexuality &amp;amp; Culture|권=20|쪽=639–656|해=2016|doi=10.1007/s12119-016-9350-5|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBaptistaHimmel2016}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Bell|이름=BT.|성2=Cassarly|이름2=JA.|성3=Dunbar|이름3=L.|해=2018|제목= Selfie-Objectification: Self-Objectification and Positive Feedback (&amp;quot;Likes&amp;quot;) are Associated with Frequency of Posting Sexually Objectifying Self-Images on Social Media|저널=Body image|권=26|쪽=83–89|doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.06.005|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBellCassarlyDunbar2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Bell|이름=BT.|성2=Cassarly|이름2=JA.|성3=Dunbar|이름3=L.|해=2018|제목= Selfie-Objectification: Self-Objectification and Positive Feedback (&amp;quot;Likes&amp;quot;) are Associated with Frequency of Posting Sexually Objectifying Self-Images on Social Media|저널=Body image|권=26|쪽=83–89|doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.06.005|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBellCassarlyDunbar2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성= Brewster|이름=Melanie E.|성2=Velez|이름2=Brandon L.|성3=Breslow|이름3=Aaron S.|성4=Geiger|이름4=Elizabeth F|날짜=2019-03|제목=Unpacking body image concerns and disordered eating for transgender women: The roles of sexual objectification and minority stress|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=66|호=2|쪽=131–142|doi=10.1037/cou0000333|ISSN=1939-2168|PMID=30702325|S2CID=73413917|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBrewsterVelezBreslowGeiger2019}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&amp;#039;Selfie&amp;#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&amp;#039;Selfie&amp;#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Flores |이름=Mirella J.|성2=Watson|이름2=Laurel B.|성3=Allen|이름3=Luke R.|성4=Ford|이름4=Mudiwa|성5=Serpe|이름5=Christine R.|성6=Choo|이름6=Ping Ying|성7=Farrell|이름7=Michelle |날짜=2018-04|제목=Transgender people of color&amp;#039;s experiences of sexual objectification: Locating sexual objectification within a matrix of domination|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=65|호=3|쪽=308–323|언어고리=en|doi=10.1037/cou0000279|ISSN=1939-2168 |PMID=29672081 |S2CID=5002128 |ref=CITEREFFloresWatsonAllenFord2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Flores |이름=Mirella J.|성2=Watson|이름2=Laurel B.|성3=Allen|이름3=Luke R.|성4=Ford|이름4=Mudiwa|성5=Serpe|이름5=Christine R.|성6=Choo|이름6=Ping Ying|성7=Farrell|이름7=Michelle |날짜=2018-04|제목=Transgender people of color&amp;#039;s experiences of sexual objectification: Locating sexual objectification within a matrix of domination|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=65|호=3|쪽=308–323|언어고리=en|doi=10.1037/cou0000279|ISSN=1939-2168 |PMID=29672081 |S2CID=5002128 |ref=CITEREFFloresWatsonAllenFord2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Fredrickson|이름=BL.|성2=Roberts|이름2=T-A|연도=1997|제목=Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women’s Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks|언어고리=en||저널=Psychology of Women Quarterly|권=21|호=2|쪽=173-206|doi=10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x|ref=CITEREFFredricksonRoberts1997}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Fredrickson|이름=BL.|성2=Roberts|이름2=T-A|연도=1997|제목=Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women’s Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks|언어고리=en||저널=Psychology of Women Quarterly|권=21|호=2|쪽=173-206|doi=10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x|ref=CITEREFFredricksonRoberts1997}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Kosenko|이름=Kami A|날짜=2010-03-24|제목=Contextual Influences on Sexual Risk-Taking in the Transgender Community|저널=The Journal of Sex Research|권=48|호=2–3|쪽=285–296|doi=10.1080/00224491003721686|ISSN=0022-4499|PMID=20336575|S2CID=36872801|ref=CITEREFKosenko2011}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Lev|이름=Arlene Istar|날짜=2013-09|제목=Gender Dysphoria: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back|저널=Clinical Social Work Journal|권=41|호=3|쪽=288–296|doi=10.1007/s10615-013-0447-0 |언어고리=en| ISSN=0091-1674| S2CID=144556484| ref=CITEREFLev2013}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Lev|이름=Arlene Istar|날짜=2013-09|제목=Gender Dysphoria: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back|저널=Clinical Social Work Journal|권=41|호=3|쪽=288–296|doi=10.1007/s10615-013-0447-0 |언어고리=en| ISSN=0091-1674| S2CID=144556484| ref=CITEREFLev2013}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|언어고리=en|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|언어고리=en|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l65&quot;&gt;65번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;66번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|언어고리=en|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2007}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|언어고리=en|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2007}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|이름=Brian A.|성=Rood|이름2=Sari L.|성2=Reisner|이름3=Jae A.|성3=Puckett|이름4=Francisco I|성4=Surace|이름5=Ariel K.|성5=Berman|이름6=David W|성6=Pantalone|해=2017|제목=Internalized transphobia: Exploring perceptions of social messages in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults|저널=International Journal of Transgenderism|권=18|호=4|쪽=411-426 |doi=10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048|ISSN=1553-2739|S2CID=148773063|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFRoodReisnerPuckettSurace2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|이름=Brian A.|성=Rood|이름2=Sari L.|성2=Reisner|이름3=Jae A.|성3=Puckett|이름4=Francisco I|성4=Surace|이름5=Ariel K.|성5=Berman|이름6=David W|성6=Pantalone|해=2017|제목=Internalized transphobia: Exploring perceptions of social messages in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults|저널=International Journal of Transgenderism|권=18|호=4|쪽=411-426 |doi=10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048|ISSN=1553-2739|S2CID=148773063|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFRoodReisnerPuckettSurace2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Sevelius|이름=Jae M|날짜=2012-09-30|제목=Gender Affirmation: A Framework for Conceptualizing Risk Behavior Among Transgender Women of Color|저널=Sex Roles|권=68호=11–12|쪽=675–689|doi=10.1007/s11199-012-0216-5|ISSN=0360-0025|PMC= 3667985|PMID=23729971|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFSevelius2013}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Strübel|이름=Jessica|성2=Sabik|이름2=Natalie J.|성3=Tylka|이름3=Tracy L.|날짜=2020-12-01|제목=Body image and depressive symptoms among transgender and cisgender adults: Examining a model integrating the tripartite influence model and objectification theory|저널=Body Image|권=35|쪽=53–62| doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.004|ISSN=1740-1445|PMID=32846389|S2CID=221347929|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFStrübelSabikTylka2020}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7362&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2023년 10월 17일 (화) 18:12에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7362&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-17T18:12:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 18일 (수) 03:12 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l37&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐구결과들이 주로 시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 젠더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 예를 들어, 심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [[성별불쾌감]]를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가, 미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해, 트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;젠더이항은 &lt;/del&gt;미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나, 트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐구결과들이 주로 시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 젠더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 예를 들어, 심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [[성별불쾌감]]를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가, 미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해, 트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;젠더[[이항대립|이항]]은 &lt;/ins&gt;미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나, 트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[트렌스젠더]] 당사자는 자신의 젠더정체성을 합법화하기 위해 자신의 몸을 계속 모니터링하며 사회의 외모 이상형을 내면화할 수 있다. 그 과정에서 자신의 상태와 이상간의 격차로 인해 사회수용도가 낮게 머물면서 자기 저평가{{s|devaluation}}와 낙인화가 일어난다. 어떤 트렌스젠더는 사회 기준에 맞아 들어가기 위해 이항적 신체이미지를 수용하고 이를 향해 나가야만 할 듯한 느낌을 받는다. 객체화는 젠더정체성을 무시하고 개인을 젠더의 이상적 표현에 기반해 분류한다&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- Sexual orientation standards are inserted into social representations of gender as either masculine or feminine and this gender binary has been propagated through the media, peers, family, and other socio-cultural channels.[10] Through objectification and social representation, exaggerated body image ideals associated with masculinity and femininity encourage the objectification of one&amp;#039;s body in order to adhere to these socio-cultural appearance ideals.[11] Although the theory of objectification was originally used to explain how the female body is reduced to its appearance, it can be used to analyze how transgender individuals approximate these ideals to be consistent with their gender.[11]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- Sexual orientation standards are inserted into social representations of gender as either masculine or feminine and this gender binary has been propagated through the media, peers, family, and other socio-cultural channels.[10] Through objectification and social representation, exaggerated body image ideals associated with masculinity and femininity encourage the objectification of one&amp;#039;s body in order to adhere to these socio-cultural appearance ideals.[11] Although the theory of objectification was originally used to explain how the female body is reduced to its appearance, it can be used to analyze how transgender individuals approximate these ideals to be consistent with their gender.[11]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7358&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2023년 10월 13일 (금) 18:05에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7358&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-13T18:05:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 14일 (토) 03:05 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;객체화&#039;&#039;&#039;, 또는 &#039;&#039;&#039;대상화&#039;&#039;&#039;({{llang|en|Objectification}})는 나와 다른 사람이나 모임, 종족 등의 집단이 가진 [[비인간화|사람됨을 부정하고]], 이를 객체나 물건으로 취급하는 의도를 가지고 이를 실천하는 행위이다. 이 개념의 하위 개념으로, 자신을 객체화하는 자발적 객체화(self-objectification)와 사람을 성적 욕구 충족을 위한 객체만으로 다루는 &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성적 객체화&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;(Sexual objectification)가 있다. 특히 [[맑시즘]]에서는 사회관계의 객체화를 [[물화]]로 다룬다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;객체화&#039;&#039;&#039;, 또는 &#039;&#039;&#039;대상화&#039;&#039;&#039;({{llang|en|Objectification}})는 나와 다른 사람이나 모임, 종족 등의 집단이 가진 [[비인간화|사람됨을 부정하고]], 이를 객체나 물건으로 취급하는 의도를 가지고 이를 실천하는 행위이다. 이 개념의 하위 개념으로, 자신을 객체화하는 자발적 객체화(self-objectification)와 사람을 성적 욕구 충족을 위한 객체만으로 다루는 &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[성적대상화]]&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;(Sexual objectification)가 있다. 특히 [[맑시즘]]에서는 사회관계의 객체화를 [[물화]]로 다룬다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 정의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 정의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l25&quot;&gt;25번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;25번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]{{s|Mackinnon}}과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]{{s|Dworkin}}은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다. 섹슈얼리티를 표현할 때 남성의 경우 여성을 객체화해 지배화하는 방식을 표출하는 반면 여성은 이를 객체화되거나 자기객체화{{s|Self-objectification}}하는 순종적 방식으로 표출한다. 이 때 여성은 폭력성에 더욱 취약하지며 주체성과 자율성을 잃는다. 이에 대해 누스바움은 맥키넌과 드워킨이 윤리적으로 동등하게 중요한 개인사나 심리학 등을 무시한다며 남-여 섹슈얼리티를 더욱 거시적 관점에서 봐야 한다고 주장한다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]{{s|Mackinnon}}과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]{{s|Dworkin}}은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다. 섹슈얼리티를 표현할 때 남성의 경우 여성을 객체화해 지배화하는 방식을 표출하는 반면 여성은 이를 객체화되거나 자기객체화{{s|Self-objectification}}하는 순종적 방식으로 표출한다. 이 때 여성은 폭력성에 더욱 취약하지며 주체성과 자율성을 잃는다. 이에 대해 누스바움은 맥키넌과 드워킨이 윤리적으로 동등하게 중요한 개인사나 심리학 등을 무시한다며 남-여 섹슈얼리티를 더욱 거시적 관점에서 봐야 한다고 주장한다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[남성적 응시]]는 자기객체화의 주요 구현요소 중 하나이다&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. 특히 [[소셜미디어]]가 여성의 자기객체화를 크게 밀어붙인다는 주장이 있다&lt;/del&gt;. 여성은 [[다른이]]의 시선을 내면화하며, 따라서 바깥의 시선을 내면적으로 받아들이기 시작하는 경향이 있다. 예를 들어 소셜미디어에 올리기 위해 셀카 사진을 찍을 때 여성은 남성적 응시적 관점이 유형화된 각도에 따라 폰을 움직인다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018}}. 포스트의 댓글란을 통해 올라오는 사진에 대한 비난이나 칭찬, 공유는 셀피를 올린 여성에게 감성적 반응을 일으켜 자기객체화를 더 부추긴다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[남성적 응시]]는 자기객체화의 주요 구현요소 중 하나이다. 여성은 [[다른이]]의 시선을 내면화하며, 따라서 바깥의 시선을 내면적으로 받아들이기 시작하는 경향이 있다. 예를 들어 소셜미디어에 올리기 위해 셀카 사진을 찍을 때 여성은 남성적 응시적 관점이 유형화된 각도에 따라 폰을 움직인다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018}}. 포스트의 댓글란을 통해 올라오는 사진에 대한 비난이나 칭찬, 공유는 셀피를 올린 여성에게 감성적 반응을 일으켜 자기객체화를 더 부추긴다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}{{Sfn|Bell|Cassarly|Dunbar|2018}}. 특히 [[소셜미디어]]에 셀카를 더 올릴 수록 여성의 자기객체화가 심해지고, 이에 따라 [[폭식]] 등 섭식장애를 부추기게 된다는 유의한(p&amp;lt;.001) 근거가 있다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018|p=71&lt;/ins&gt;}}.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l37&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;탐색결과들이 &lt;/del&gt;시스젠더의 경험에 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;주로 &lt;/del&gt;집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;제더가 &lt;/del&gt;역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;탐구결과들이 주로 &lt;/ins&gt;시스젠더의 경험에 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;젠더가 &lt;/ins&gt;역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;예를 들어&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;심리학 분야에 드러난 기존의 헤테로규범성은 [&lt;/ins&gt;[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;성별불쾌감]&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;를 정신장애로 개념화한 바 있다{{Sfn|Lev|2013}}. 더 나아가&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;미디어애서는 트렌스젠더 당사자를 웃음거리로 묘사해&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;트랜스혐오를 영구화할 뿐만 아니라 트렌스젠더 당사자를 낙인화해 왔다{{Sfn|Rood|Reisner|Puckett|Surace|2017}}. 남성성과 여성성이라는 성적지향 기준은 사회에서의 젠더 재현에 삽입되며, 이 젠더이항은 미디어, 또래, 가족, 다른 사회문화적 채널을 통해 전파되어 왔다. 객체화와 사회재현을 통해, 남성성과 여성성과 결합되어 강조된 젠더 신체이미지는 개인의 몸이 이러한 사회문화적 외모 이상형을 고수하도록 하기 위해 객체화를 권장한다. 객체화 이론이 여성 신체가 외모로서 축소되는 과정을 설명하기 위해 쓰여오기는 했으나&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;트렌스젠더 당사자가 이러한 이상을 그들의 젠더와 일치하기 위해 접근하는지 분석하는 데도 사용할 수 있다&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!-- For example&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the traditional heteronormativity displayed in the field of psychology has previously enabled the conceptualization of gender non-conformity as a mental disorder.&lt;/del&gt;[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Furthermore&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;representations of transgender individuals in the media have portrayed them as comic relief&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;perpetuating transphobia&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and further stigmatizing transgender individuals&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[9] &lt;/del&gt;Sexual orientation standards are inserted into social representations of gender as either masculine or feminine and this gender binary has been propagated through the media, peers, family, and other socio-cultural channels.[10] Through objectification and social representation, exaggerated body image ideals associated with masculinity and femininity encourage the objectification of one&#039;s body in order to adhere to these socio-cultural appearance ideals.[11] Although the theory of objectification was originally used to explain how the female body is reduced to its appearance, it can be used to analyze how transgender individuals approximate these ideals to be consistent with their gender.[11]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;/ins&gt;Sexual orientation standards are inserted into social representations of gender as either masculine or feminine and this gender binary has been propagated through the media, peers, family, and other socio-cultural channels.[10] Through objectification and social representation, exaggerated body image ideals associated with masculinity and femininity encourage the objectification of one&#039;s body in order to adhere to these socio-cultural appearance ideals.[11] Although the theory of objectification was originally used to explain how the female body is reduced to its appearance, it can be used to analyze how transgender individuals approximate these ideals to be consistent with their gender.[11]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The low level of social acceptance of transgender individuals provokes devaluation and stigmatization.[12] Transgender individuals may internalize societal appearance ideals through body monitoring and comparison in order to legitimize their gender identity.[11] Some transgender individuals feel as if they must adopt the binary body image and act towards it in order to fit into societal standards.[13] Objectification ignores gender identity and categorizes individuals based on the ideal expression of gender which affects transitioned men and transitioned women.[14] Objectification becomes a problem and solution for individuals attempting to affirm their gender identity and expression through social recognition.[15] The ideal male physical attractiveness includes the portrayal of muscle and robustness and transgender men can attempt to conform to the standard through compulsive exercise and steroid injection.[14] Transgender women experience similar objectification as cisgender women do according to the reduction of one&amp;#039;s self to a mere hypersexualized body [14] Transgender individuals may attempt to affirm their gender identity through illegal practices such as using silicone injections that eventually results in harmful health consequences[15] Furthermore, transgender individuals may seek gender affirmation through sex work, increasing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.[15] The discrepancy of appearance (e.g., height and body structure) may impede transgender individuals&amp;#039; alignment with their gender identity and they do not feel as if they fit the social standards even after medical interventions.[14] Transgender individuals may internalize the negative stereotypes perpetuated through sexual objectification such as &amp;quot;transgender prostitute&amp;quot; which has been found to induce stereotype affirming behaviors.[12] Internalization of negative stereotypes have been linked to low self-esteem, devaluation, feelings of worthlessness and in the worst case, suicide.[12]--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The low level of social acceptance of transgender individuals provokes devaluation and stigmatization.[12] Transgender individuals may internalize societal appearance ideals through body monitoring and comparison in order to legitimize their gender identity.[11] Some transgender individuals feel as if they must adopt the binary body image and act towards it in order to fit into societal standards.[13] Objectification ignores gender identity and categorizes individuals based on the ideal expression of gender which affects transitioned men and transitioned women.[14] Objectification becomes a problem and solution for individuals attempting to affirm their gender identity and expression through social recognition.[15] The ideal male physical attractiveness includes the portrayal of muscle and robustness and transgender men can attempt to conform to the standard through compulsive exercise and steroid injection.[14] Transgender women experience similar objectification as cisgender women do according to the reduction of one&amp;#039;s self to a mere hypersexualized body [14] Transgender individuals may attempt to affirm their gender identity through illegal practices such as using silicone injections that eventually results in harmful health consequences[15] Furthermore, transgender individuals may seek gender affirmation through sex work, increasing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.[15] The discrepancy of appearance (e.g., height and body structure) may impede transgender individuals&amp;#039; alignment with their gender identity and they do not feel as if they fit the social standards even after medical interventions.[14] Transgender individuals may internalize the negative stereotypes perpetuated through sexual objectification such as &amp;quot;transgender prostitute&amp;quot; which has been found to induce stereotype affirming behaviors.[12] Internalization of negative stereotypes have been linked to low self-esteem, devaluation, feelings of worthlessness and in the worst case, suicide.[12]--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l53&quot;&gt;53번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;54번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Bell|이름=BT.|성2=Cassarly|이름2=JA.|성3=Dunbar|이름3=L.|해=2018|제목= Selfie-Objectification: Self-Objectification and Positive Feedback (&quot;Likes&quot;) are Associated with Frequency of Posting Sexually Objectifying Self-Images on Social Media|저널=Body image|권=26|쪽=83–89|doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.06.005|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFBellCassarlyDunbar2018}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&amp;#039;Selfie&amp;#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&amp;#039;Selfie&amp;#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Flores |이름=Mirella J.|성2=Watson|이름2=Laurel B.|성3=Allen|이름3=Luke R.|성4=Ford|이름4=Mudiwa|성5=Serpe|이름5=Christine R.|성6=Choo|이름6=Ping Ying|성7=Farrell|이름7=Michelle |날짜=2018-04|제목=Transgender people of color&amp;#039;s experiences of sexual objectification: Locating sexual objectification within a matrix of domination|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=65|호=3|쪽=308–323|언어고리=en|doi=10.1037/cou0000279|ISSN=1939-2168 |PMID=29672081 |S2CID=5002128 |ref=CITEREFFloresWatsonAllenFord2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Flores |이름=Mirella J.|성2=Watson|이름2=Laurel B.|성3=Allen|이름3=Luke R.|성4=Ford|이름4=Mudiwa|성5=Serpe|이름5=Christine R.|성6=Choo|이름6=Ping Ying|성7=Farrell|이름7=Michelle |날짜=2018-04|제목=Transgender people of color&amp;#039;s experiences of sexual objectification: Locating sexual objectification within a matrix of domination|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=65|호=3|쪽=308–323|언어고리=en|doi=10.1037/cou0000279|ISSN=1939-2168 |PMID=29672081 |S2CID=5002128 |ref=CITEREFFloresWatsonAllenFord2018}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Fredrickson|이름=BL.|성2=Roberts|이름2=T-A|연도=1997|제목=Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women’s Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks|언어고리=en||저널=Psychology of Women Quarterly|권=21|호=2|쪽=173-206|doi=10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x|ref=CITEREFFredricksonRoberts1997}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Fredrickson|이름=BL.|성2=Roberts|이름2=T-A|연도=1997|제목=Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women’s Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks|언어고리=en||저널=Psychology of Women Quarterly|권=21|호=2|쪽=173-206|doi=10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x|ref=CITEREFFredricksonRoberts1997}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Lev|이름=Arlene Istar|날짜=2013-09|제목=Gender Dysphoria: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back|저널=Clinical Social Work Journal|권=41|호=3|쪽=288–296|doi=10.1007/s10615-013-0447-0 |언어고리=en| ISSN=0091-1674| S2CID=144556484| ref=CITEREFLev2013}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|언어고리=en|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|언어고리=en|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름= Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta |날짜=2019-12-16 |언어고리=en |장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름= Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta |날짜=2019-12-16 |언어고리=en |장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|언어고리=en|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2007}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|언어고리=en|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2007}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|이름=Brian A.|성=Rood|이름2=Sari L.|성2=Reisner|이름3=Jae A.|성3=Puckett|이름4=Francisco I|성4=Surace|이름5=Ariel K.|성5=Berman|이름6=David W|성6=Pantalone|해=2017|제목=Internalized transphobia: Exploring perceptions of social messages in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults|저널=International Journal of Transgenderism|권=18|호=4|쪽=411-426 |doi=10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048|ISSN=1553-2739|S2CID=148773063|언어고리=en|ref=CITEREFRoodReisnerPuckettSurace2017}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
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		<title>2023년 10월 12일 (목) 07:22에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2023-10-12T07:22:04Z</updated>

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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 12일 (목) 16:22 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;1번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;객체화&#039;&#039;&#039;({{llang|en|Objectification}})는 나와 다른 사람이나 모임, 종족 등의 집단이 가진 [[비인간화|사람됨을 부정하고]], 이를 객체나 물건으로 취급하는 의도를 가지고 이를 실천하는 행위이다. 이 개념의 하위 개념으로, 자신을 객체화하는 자발적 객체화(self-objectification)와 사람을 성적 욕구 충족을 위한 객체만으로 다루는 &#039;&#039;&#039;성적 객체화&#039;&#039;&#039;(Sexual objectification)가 있다. 특히 [[맑시즘]]에서는 사회관계의 객체화를 [[물화]]로 다룬다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;객체화&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;, 또는 &#039;&#039;&#039;대상화&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;({{llang|en|Objectification}})는 나와 다른 사람이나 모임, 종족 등의 집단이 가진 [[비인간화|사람됨을 부정하고]], 이를 객체나 물건으로 취급하는 의도를 가지고 이를 실천하는 행위이다. 이 개념의 하위 개념으로, 자신을 객체화하는 자발적 객체화(self-objectification)와 사람을 성적 욕구 충족을 위한 객체만으로 다루는 &#039;&#039;&#039;성적 객체화&#039;&#039;&#039;(Sexual objectification)가 있다. 특히 [[맑시즘]]에서는 사회관계의 객체화를 [[물화]]로 다룬다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 정의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 정의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l19&quot;&gt;19번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;19번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 주요 논의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 주요 논의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;객체화를 처음 논의한 것은 [[이마누엘 칸트]]다{{Sfn|Papadaki|2021}}. 칸트는 자신의 이론에서 성욕이 객체화를 필요로 하는 강력한 욕망으로서, 성적 흥분을 느끼는 사람은 성적 만족을 위해 곧바로 다른 사람을 취해 삼키려고 든다고 보았다. 이러한 성적 욕망은 그 자체로 다른 사람이 행동하고자 하는 바에 영향을 끼치려고 할 때 발생하는 자율성의 부정으로서 작동하며, 따라서 한 사람이 성욕을 충족하려 드는 행동은 자신의 행복을 보장하기 위해 열중하는 동안, 다른 사람이 생각하거나 느끼는 것을 멈추게 하는 주체성의 부정으로서 작동한다. 성욕은 치명적이고 강력해 타인의 안녕을 보장하는 다른 생각을 몰아내며, 성욕에 잡힌 사람들은 [[다른이]]들을 몸의 일부분으로 축소하기 시작한다. 성적지향은 섹슈얼리티의 일반적 특징이며 이를 갖게 된 사람들은 쉽게 객체화수행자{{S|objectifiers}}나 객체 중 하나가 되길 쉽게 원하게 된다{{Sfn|Papadaki|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2017&lt;/del&gt;}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;객체화를 처음 논의한 것은 [[이마누엘 칸트]]다{{Sfn|Papadaki|2021}}. 칸트는 자신의 이론에서 성욕이 객체화를 필요로 하는 강력한 욕망으로서, 성적 흥분을 느끼는 사람은 성적 만족을 위해 곧바로 다른 사람을 취해 삼키려고 든다고 보았다. 이러한 성적 욕망은 그 자체로 다른 사람이 행동하고자 하는 바에 영향을 끼치려고 할 때 발생하는 자율성의 부정으로서 작동하며, 따라서 한 사람이 성욕을 충족하려 드는 행동은 자신의 행복을 보장하기 위해 열중하는 동안, 다른 사람이 생각하거나 느끼는 것을 멈추게 하는 주체성의 부정으로서 작동한다. 성욕은 치명적이고 강력해 타인의 안녕을 보장하는 다른 생각을 몰아내며, 성욕에 잡힌 사람들은 [[다른이]]들을 몸의 일부분으로 축소하기 시작한다. 성적지향은 섹슈얼리티의 일반적 특징이며 이를 갖게 된 사람들은 쉽게 객체화수행자{{S|objectifiers}}나 객체 중 하나가 되길 쉽게 원하게 된다{{Sfn|Papadaki|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2007&lt;/ins&gt;}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. 누스바움은 모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. 누스바움은 모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;28번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;28번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;바바라 프레드릭슨{{s|Barbara Fredrickson}}과 토미앤 로버츠{{s|Tomi-Ann Roberts}}의 객체화 이론은 여성이나 소녀의 객체화가 결국 불안감이나 [[자의식]] 증대를 이끌 수 있다고 지적한다. 여성은 즉각적으로 사회가 부여한 상태를 내면화할 것으로 기대되며, 그 결과를 자신의 주된 관점으로 삼고 있기 때문이다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;바바라 프레드릭슨{{s|Barbara Fredrickson}}과 토미앤 로버츠{{s|Tomi-Ann Roberts}}의 객체화 이론은 여성이나 소녀의 객체화가 결국 불안감이나 [[자의식]] 증대를 이끌 수 있다고 지적한다. 여성은 즉각적으로 사회가 부여한 상태를 내면화할 것으로 기대되며, 그 결과를 자신의 주된 관점으로 삼고 있기 때문이다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;프렉드릭슨과 로버츠는 여성의 객체화가 어떻게든 여성의 정신건강에 영향을 끼친다고 주장한다. 여성신체에 부과된 공중의 관점이 신체 모니터링이나 과도한 식습관을 이끌어 결국 내적 치욕감이나 불안감을 만들 수 있기 때문이다{{Sfn|Fredrickson|Roberts|1997}}. 이들은 2세대 페미니스트 및 학자들이 사회문화적 관점에서 여성의 신체를 보는데 영향을 끼쳤지만, 신체 이미지 뒤에 있는 사회 구성이 결합된 효과이기 때문에 다른 관점 또한 무시되어서는 안된다고 주장한다. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fredrickson and Roberts argue that &lt;/del&gt;in &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;some way, &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;objectification &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;women can even affect &lt;/del&gt;the mental &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;health &lt;/del&gt;of the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;female&lt;/del&gt;.[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The perspective &lt;/del&gt;of the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;public imposed on &lt;/del&gt;the female body can &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;lead &lt;/del&gt;to body monitoring and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;obsessive eating patterns which will eventually lead &lt;/del&gt;into &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;an internal feeling of shame or anxiety&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fredrickson &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Roberts argue that influences from &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;new wave feminists &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;scholars have put the female body in &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sociocultural perspective&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This has emphasised &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sociocultural representation &lt;/del&gt;of the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;female body over the biological role&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;They argue that &lt;/del&gt;the one &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;should not be overshadowed by &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;other&lt;/del&gt;, as &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;it is &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;combined effect that &lt;/del&gt;has &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;created a social construction behind &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;body image&lt;/del&gt;.--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;객체화이론은 더 나아가 여성 및 젠더심리학 속의 여성 신체에 대한 사회문화적 분석을 증진한다. 프렉드릭슨과 로버츠에 따르면, “이들 경험 중에서 아마도 가장 심각하고 침해적인 것은 많은 소녀와 여성이 문화의 객체화 관습을 내면화하고 자신의 몸 보임을 습관적으로 모니터하는 결과를 초래하는 의식흐름 속의 침해이다”{{Sfn|Fredrickson|Roberts|1997}}.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== 교차성 및 트렌스젠더 경험 ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[성적대상화]] 경험은 개인의 교차정체성 표식에 따라 다양할 수 있다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. 교차적 접근을 활용하면 트랜스젠더 정체성에 따른 객체화 구성에 대한 이해를 심화할 수 있다. 트렌스젠더 당사자는 자기정체성 해석에 있어서 독특한 어려움을 겪는다.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;미렐라 플로레스{{s|Mirella Flores}} 등은 객체화 주제에 대한 기존 탐색결과들이 시스젠더의 경험에 주로 집중되어 왔으며, 트렌스젠더 당사자들은 그들이 표출하는 제더가 역사적으로 무효화되었기 때문에 객체화 담론에서 제외되었다고 주장한다{{Sfn|Flores|Watson|Allen|Ford|2018}}. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;For example, the traditional heteronormativity displayed &lt;/ins&gt;in the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;field &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;psychology has previously enabled &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;conceptualization of gender non-conformity as a &lt;/ins&gt;mental &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;disorder.[8] Furthermore, representations of transgender individuals in the media have portrayed them as comic relief, perpetuating transphobia, and further stigmatizing transgender individuals.[9] Sexual orientation standards are inserted into social representations &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;gender as either masculine or feminine and this gender binary has been propagated through &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;media, peers, family, and other socio-cultural channels&lt;/ins&gt;.[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/ins&gt;] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Through objectification and social representation, exaggerated body image ideals associated with masculinity and femininity encourage the objectification &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;one&#039;s body in order to adhere to these socio-cultural appearance ideals.[11] Although &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;theory of objectification was originally used to explain how &lt;/ins&gt;the female body &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;is reduced to its appearance, it &lt;/ins&gt;can &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;be used &lt;/ins&gt;to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;analyze how transgender individuals approximate these ideals to be consistent with their gender.[11]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The low level of social acceptance of transgender individuals provokes devaluation and stigmatization.[12] Transgender individuals may internalize societal appearance ideals through &lt;/ins&gt;body monitoring and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;comparison in order to legitimize their gender identity.[11] Some transgender individuals feel as if they must adopt the binary body image and act towards it in order to fit &lt;/ins&gt;into &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;societal standards&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[13] Objectification ignores gender identity &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;categorizes individuals based on &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ideal expression of gender which affects transitioned men &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;transitioned women.[14] Objectification becomes &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;problem and solution for individuals attempting to affirm their gender identity and expression through social recognition&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[15] The ideal male physical attractiveness includes &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;portrayal &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;muscle and robustness and transgender men can attempt to conform to &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;standard through compulsive exercise and steroid injection&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[14] Transgender women experience similar objectification as cisgender women do according to &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;reduction of &lt;/ins&gt;one&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;s self to a mere hypersexualized body [14] Transgender individuals may attempt to affirm their gender identity through illegal practices such as using silicone injections that eventually results in harmful health consequences[15] Furthermore, transgender individuals may seek gender affirmation through sex work, increasing &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;risk of sexually transmitted diseases.[15] The discrepancy of appearance (e.g.&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;height and body structure) may impede transgender individuals&#039; alignment with their gender identity and they do not feel &lt;/ins&gt;as &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;if they fit the social standards even after medical interventions.[14] Transgender individuals may internalize &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;negative stereotypes perpetuated through sexual objectification such as &quot;transgender prostitute&quot; which &lt;/ins&gt;has &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;been found to induce stereotype affirming behaviors.[12] Internalization of negative stereotypes have been linked to low self-esteem, devaluation, feelings of worthlessness and in &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;worst case, suicide&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[12]&lt;/ins&gt;--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;객체화의 개념은 특히 [[장애연구]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;에서도 퍼져 &lt;/del&gt;쓰이는데, 이는 장애인들이 [[장애시설|시설]] 등의 권력기관을 통해 인생의 주체보다는 서비스나 시혜의 객체가 되기 쉽기 때문이다. 또한 시각문화에서의 객체화 활동에 대해서는 문화연구적 관점에서도 많은 관심이 있다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;객체화의 개념은 특히 [[장애연구]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, 더 나아가 사회학에서도 &lt;/ins&gt;쓰이는데, 이는 장애인들이 [[장애시설|시설]] 등의 권력기관을 통해 인생의 주체보다는 서비스나 시혜의 객체가 되기 쉽기 때문이다. 또한 시각문화에서의 객체화 활동에 대해서는 문화연구적 관점에서도 많은 관심이 있다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== 장애연구 ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== 장애연구 ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l44&quot;&gt;44번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;53번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &#039;&#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&#039;&#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&#039;Selfie&#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름= Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta |날짜=2019-12-16 |장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Flores |이름=Mirella J.|성2=Watson|이름2=Laurel B.|성3=Allen|이름3=Luke R.|성4=Ford|이름4=Mudiwa|성5=Serpe|이름5=Christine R.|성6=Choo|이름6=Ping Ying|성7=Farrell|이름7=Michelle |날짜=2018-04|제목=Transgender people of color&#039;s experiences of sexual objectification: Locating sexual objectification within a matrix of domination|저널=Journal of Counseling Psychology|권=65|호=3|쪽=308–323|언어고리=en|doi=10.1037/cou0000279|ISSN=1939-2168 |PMID=29672081 |S2CID=5002128 |ref=CITEREFFloresWatsonAllenFord2018}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;CITEREFPapadaki2017}}&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Fredrickson|이름=BL.|성2=Roberts|이름2=T-A|연도=1997|제목=Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women’s Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks|언어고리=en||저널=Psychology of Women Quarterly|권=21|호=2|쪽=173-206|doi=10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x|ref=CITEREFFredricksonRoberts1997}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름1=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&#039;Selfie&#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &#039;&#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&#039;&#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|언어고리=en&lt;/ins&gt;|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름= Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta |날짜=2019-12-16 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|언어고리=en &lt;/ins&gt;|장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|언어고리=en&lt;/ins&gt;|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;CITEREFPapadaki2007&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7354&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2023년 10월 10일 (화) 18:39에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2023-10-10T18:39:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 11일 (수) 03:39 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;5번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;5번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#도구성{{s|instrumentality}} ― 다른이가 어떤 사람을 목적을 위한 도구로 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#도구성{{s|instrumentality}} ― 다른이가 어떤 사람을 목적을 위한 도구로 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#자율성 부인{{s|denial of autonomy}} ― 어떤 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;사람에게 &lt;/del&gt;자율성이나 자기결정권이 없는 것처럼 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#자율성 부인{{s|denial of autonomy}} ― 어떤 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;사람이 &lt;/ins&gt;자율성이나 자기결정권이 없는 것처럼 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#부동성{{s|inertness}} ― 사람에게 행위능력{{s|agency}}이나 행동이 없다고 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#부동성{{s|inertness}} ― 사람에게 행위능력{{s|agency}}이나 행동이 없다고 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#교체성{{s|fungibility}} ― 어떤 사람이 다른 객체를 대체할 수 있다고 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#교체성{{s|fungibility}} ― 어떤 사람이 다른 객체를 대체할 수 있다고 다루는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l25&quot;&gt;25번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;25번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]{{s|Mackinnon}}과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]{{s|Dworkin}}은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다. 섹슈얼리티를 표현할 때 남성의 경우 여성을 객체화해 지배화하는 방식을 표출하는 반면 여성은 이를 객체화되거나 자기객체화{{s|Self-objectification}}하는 순종적 방식으로 표출한다. 이 때 여성은 폭력성에 더욱 취약하지며 주체성과 자율성을 잃는다. 이에 대해 누스바움은 맥키넌과 드워킨이 윤리적으로 동등하게 중요한 개인사나 심리학 등을 무시한다며 남-여 섹슈얼리티를 더욱 거시적 관점에서 봐야 한다고 주장한다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]{{s|Mackinnon}}과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]{{s|Dworkin}}은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다. 섹슈얼리티를 표현할 때 남성의 경우 여성을 객체화해 지배화하는 방식을 표출하는 반면 여성은 이를 객체화되거나 자기객체화{{s|Self-objectification}}하는 순종적 방식으로 표출한다. 이 때 여성은 폭력성에 더욱 취약하지며 주체성과 자율성을 잃는다. 이에 대해 누스바움은 맥키넌과 드워킨이 윤리적으로 동등하게 중요한 개인사나 심리학 등을 무시한다며 남-여 섹슈얼리티를 더욱 거시적 관점에서 봐야 한다고 주장한다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[남성적 응시]]는 자기객체화의 주요 구현요소 중 하나이다. 특히 [[소셜미디어]]가 여성의 자기객체화를 크게 밀어붙인다는 주장이 있다. 여성은 [[다른이]]의 시선을 내면화하며, 따라서 바깥의 시선을 내면적으로 받아들이기 시작하는 경향이 있다. 예를 들어 소셜미디어에 올리기 위해 셀카 사진을 찍을 때 여성은 남성적 응시적 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;관점을 유형화한 카매라 각도를 취한다&lt;/del&gt;{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[남성적 응시]]는 자기객체화의 주요 구현요소 중 하나이다. 특히 [[소셜미디어]]가 여성의 자기객체화를 크게 밀어붙인다는 주장이 있다. 여성은 [[다른이]]의 시선을 내면화하며, 따라서 바깥의 시선을 내면적으로 받아들이기 시작하는 경향이 있다. 예를 들어 소셜미디어에 올리기 위해 셀카 사진을 찍을 때 여성은 남성적 응시적 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;관점이 유형화된 각도에 따라 폰을 움직인다&lt;/ins&gt;{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018}}. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;포스트의 댓글란을 통해 올라오는 사진에 대한 비난이나 칭찬, 공유는 셀피를 올린 여성에게 감성적 반응을 일으켜 자기객체화를 더 부추긴다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;John|Slater|2018}}&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The comment section enables the self-objectification more, by letting people shame or praise the picture&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[4] The likes and shares bring a sense of validation to women who post these selfies.[4]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;바바라 프레드릭슨{{s|Barbara Fredrickson}}과 토미앤 로버츠{{s|Tomi-Ann Roberts}}의 객체화 이론은 여성이나 소녀의 객체화가 결국 불안감이나 [[자의식]] 증대를 이끌 수 있다고 지적한다. 여성은 즉각적으로 사회가 부여한 상태를 내면화할 것으로 기대되며, 그 결과를 자신의 주된 관점으로 삼고 있기 때문이다.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The objectification theory as proposed by Barbara Fredrickson and Tomi-Ann Roberts states that the objectification of a woman or a girl can eventually lead to an increased feeling of anxiety or self-awareness. The woman supposedly immediately internalizes the status that the society has given to her and sees this outcome as a primary view of herself.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fredrickson and Roberts argue that in some way, the objectification of women can even affect the mental health of the female.[5] The perspective of the public imposed on the female body can lead to body monitoring and obsessive eating patterns which will eventually lead into an internal feeling of shame or anxiety. Fredrickson and Roberts argue that influences from the new wave feminists and scholars have put the female body in a sociocultural perspective. This has emphasised the sociocultural representation of the female body over the biological role. They argue that the one should not be overshadowed by the other, as it is the combined effect that has created a social construction behind the body image.--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fredrickson and Roberts argue that in some way, the objectification of women can even affect the mental health of the female.[5] The perspective of the public imposed on the female body can lead to body monitoring and obsessive eating patterns which will eventually lead into an internal feeling of shame or anxiety. Fredrickson and Roberts argue that influences from the new wave feminists and scholars have put the female body in a sociocultural perspective. This has emphasised the sociocultural representation of the female body over the biological role. They argue that the one should not be overshadowed by the other, as it is the combined effect that has created a social construction behind the body image.--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
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		<title>2023년 10월 9일 (월) 18:49에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2023-10-09T18:49:02Z</updated>

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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 10일 (화) 03:49 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l23&quot;&gt;23번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;23번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. 누스바움은 모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. 누스바움은 모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{s|Mackinnon}}&lt;/ins&gt;과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{s|Dworkin}}&lt;/ins&gt;은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. 섹슈얼리티를 표현할 때 남성의 경우 여성을 객체화해 지배화하는 방식을 표출하는 반면 여성은 이를 객체화되거나 자기객체화{{s|Self-objectification}}하는 순종적 방식으로 표출한다. 이 때 여성은 폭력성에 더욱 취약하지며 주체성과 자율성을 잃는다. 이에 대해 누스바움은 맥키넌과 드워킨이 윤리적으로 동등하게 중요한 개인사나 심리학 등을 무시한다며 남-여 섹슈얼리티를 더욱 거시적 관점에서 봐야 한다고 주장한다&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Men express their sexuality in &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;dominant way &lt;/del&gt;by &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;objectifying women while women express their sexuality in &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;submissive way by being objectified &lt;/del&gt;or &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;by &lt;/del&gt;self-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;objectifying&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Hence&lt;/del&gt;, women &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;are more vulnerable &lt;/del&gt;to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;violability &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;lack &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;subjectivity &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;autonomy. Nussbaum argues &lt;/del&gt;that &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;it is important to &lt;/del&gt;put &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;male-&lt;/del&gt;female &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sexuality &lt;/del&gt;in a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;more macro-&lt;/del&gt;perspective &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in which[clarification needed] Mackinnon and Dworkin ignore &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;personal histories and psychologies &lt;/del&gt;that &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;are equally morally important&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/del&gt;--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[남성적 응시]]는 자기객체화의 주요 구현요소 중 하나이다. 특히 [[소셜미디어]]가 여성의 자기객체화를 크게 밀어붙인다는 주장이 있다. 여성은 [[다른이]]의 시선을 내면화하며, 따라서 바깥의 시선을 내면적으로 받아들이기 시작하는 경향이 있다. 예를 들어 소셜미디어에 올리기 위해 셀카 사진을 찍을 때 여성은 남성적 응시적 관점을 유형화한 카매라 각도를 취한다{{Sfn|Cohen|Newton-John|Slater|2018}}.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The comment section enables the self-objectification more, by letting people shame or praise the picture.[4] The likes and shares bring &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sense of validation to women who post these selfies.[4]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== 페미니즘의 객체화 이론 ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!-- The objectification theory as proposed &lt;/ins&gt;by &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Barbara Fredrickson and Tomi-Ann Roberts states that the objectification of a woman or &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;girl can eventually lead to an increased feeling of anxiety &lt;/ins&gt;or self-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;awareness&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The woman supposedly immediately internalizes the status that the society has given to her and sees this outcome as a primary view of herself.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fredrickson and Roberts argue that in some way&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the objectification of &lt;/ins&gt;women &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;can even affect the mental health of the female.[5] The perspective of the public imposed on the female body can lead &lt;/ins&gt;to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;body monitoring &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;obsessive eating patterns which will eventually lead into an internal feeling &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;shame or anxiety. Fredrickson &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Roberts argue &lt;/ins&gt;that &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;influences from the new wave feminists and scholars have &lt;/ins&gt;put &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;female &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;body &lt;/ins&gt;in a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sociocultural &lt;/ins&gt;perspective&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. This has emphasised the sociocultural representation of the female body over the biological role. They argue that the one should not be overshadowed by the other, as it is &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;combined effect &lt;/ins&gt;that &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;has created a social construction behind the body image&lt;/ins&gt;.--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l39&quot;&gt;39번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;49번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름 Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta |장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &lt;/ins&gt;Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|날짜=2019-12-16 &lt;/ins&gt;|장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름= Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2017}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름=Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2017&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Cohen|이름1=Rachel|성2=Newton-John|이름2=Toby|성3=Slater|이름3=Amy|date=2018-02|title=&#039;Selfie&#039;-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563217306003|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|언어고리=en|volume=79|pages=68–74|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027|ref=CITEREFCohenNewton-JohnSlater2018&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
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		<title>2023년 10월 6일 (금) 17:56에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
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		<updated>2023-10-06T17:56:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 7일 (토) 02:56 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l10&quot;&gt;10번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;10번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#침범가능성{{s|violability}} ― 어떤 사람의 경계완전성{{s|boundary-integrity}}이 결여되어 때려도 되는 것처럼 여기는 것  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#침범가능성{{s|violability}} ― 어떤 사람의 경계완전성{{s|boundary-integrity}}이 결여되어 때려도 되는 것처럼 여기는 것  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#소유성{{s|ownership}} ― (노예제 같이) 사람을 가지거나, 사고 팔 수 있다고 여기는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#소유성{{s|ownership}} ― (노예제 같이) 사람을 가지거나, 사고 팔 수 있다고 여기는 것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#주체성 부인{{s|denial of subjectivity}} ― 어떤 사람의 경험이나 감정을 신경쓰지 않아도 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;다루는 &lt;/del&gt;것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#주체성 부인{{s|denial of subjectivity}} ― 어떤 사람의 경험이나 감정을 신경쓰지 않아도 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;된다고 여기는 &lt;/ins&gt;것&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;여기에 레이 랭턴{{s|Rae Langton}}{{Sfn|Langton|2009|p=228-229}}은 여기에 세가지 하위특성을 추가했다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;여기에 레이 랭턴{{s|Rae Langton}}{{Sfn|Langton|2009|p=228-229}}은 여기에 세가지 하위특성을 추가했다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l23&quot;&gt;23번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;23번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. 누스바움은 모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. 누스바움은 모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Catherine Mackinnon and Andrea Dworkin adopt Kant&#039;s understanding of sex as inherently objectifying but dispute that participants are objectifiers and the objectified one. They argue that objectification of men and women is asymmetrical. The way men express sexuality and the way women express sexuality are structured by a larger social and culture context and the power between men and women is unequal. &lt;/del&gt;Men express their sexuality in a dominant way by objectifying women while women express their sexuality in a submissive way by being objectified or by self-objectifying. Hence, women are more vulnerable to violability and lack of subjectivity and autonomy. Nussbaum argues that it is important to put male-female sexuality in a more macro-perspective in which[clarification needed] Mackinnon and Dworkin ignore the personal histories and psychologies that are equally morally important.[1]--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[캐서린 맥키넌]]과 [[안드레아 드워킨]]은 칸트의 이해를 채택헤 성의 선천적인 객체화 경향을 인정하지만 객체화의 관여자는 객체화수행자이면서도 객체화되는 대상이라고 주장했다. 이들은 남성과 여성이 각각 섹슈얼리티를 표현하는 방식이 더 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에 의해 틀지어져 있고 남여간 권력이 평등하지 않기 때문에, 남성과 여성의 객체화가 불균형적이라고 주장했다. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- Men express their sexuality in a dominant way by objectifying women while women express their sexuality in a submissive way by being objectified or by self-objectifying. Hence, women are more vulnerable to violability and lack of subjectivity and autonomy. Nussbaum argues that it is important to put male-female sexuality in a more macro-perspective in which[clarification needed] Mackinnon and Dworkin ignore the personal histories and psychologies that are equally morally important.[1]--&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key ellifgkr_wiki-medialif:diff:1.41:old-7348:rev-7350:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7348&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2023년 10월 3일 (화) 02:59에 Ellif님의 편집</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.1if.in/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4%ED%99%94&amp;diff=7348&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-03T02:59:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← 이전 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2023년 10월 3일 (화) 11:59 판&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l18&quot;&gt;18번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;18번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#침묵화{{s|silencing}} ― 어떤 사람이 침묵하거나, 말할 능력이 없는 것처럼 다루는 것  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#침묵화{{s|silencing}} ― 어떤 사람이 침묵하거나, 말할 능력이 없는 것처럼 다루는 것  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 논의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;주요 &lt;/ins&gt;논의 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;누스바움은  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;객체화를 처음 논의한 것은 [[이마누엘 칸트]]다{{Sfn|Papadaki|2021}}. 칸트는 자신의 이론에서 성욕이 객체화를 필요로 하는 강력한 욕망으로서, 성적 흥분을 느끼는 사람은 성적 만족을 위해 곧바로 다른 사람을 취해 삼키려고 든다고 보았다. 이러한 성적 욕망은 그 자체로 다른 사람이 행동하고자 하는 바에 영향을 끼치려고 할 때 발생하는 자율성의 부정으로서 작동하며, 따라서 한 사람이 성욕을 충족하려 드는 행동은 자신의 행복을 보장하기 위해 열중하는 동안, 다른 사람이 생각하거나 느끼는 것을 멈추게 하는 주체성의 부정으로서 작동한다. 성욕은 치명적이고 강력해 타인의 안녕을 보장하는 다른 생각을 몰아내며, 성욕에 잡힌 사람들은 [[다른이]]들을 몸의 일부분으로 축소하기 시작한다. 성적지향은 섹슈얼리티의 일반적 특징이며 이를 갖게 된 사람들은 쉽게 객체화수행자{{S|objectifiers}}나 객체 중 하나가 되길 쉽게 원하게 된다{{Sfn|Papadaki|2017}}.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;누스바움은 여성의 성적대상화에 대한 윤리적 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 규범 개념이 되는 객체화에 대한 사람들의 이해가 너무 단순하다고 본다. 이에 누스바움은 객체화 개념을 명확하게 하기 위해 하위개념을 제시, 검증하며 이를 성과 관련된 다른 상황에서의 유순하거나 위험한 형태들과 구분하는 것을 연구목표로 삼았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}. 더 나아가 누스바움은 객체화 개념이 그동안 논의되어 온 섹슈얼리티 뿐만이 아니라 맑시스트들의 자본주의와 노예제에 대한 관점에 있어서도 중요하다고 주장했다. &lt;/ins&gt;누스바움은 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;모든 객체화가 부정적 행위를 일으키는 것은 아니며, 앞서 제시된 일곱가지 중 하나가 작동한다고 하더라도 객체화가 드러나지 않을 수 있다고 보았다{{Sfn|Nussbaum|1995}}.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!-- Catherine Mackinnon and Andrea Dworkin adopt Kant&#039;s understanding of sex as inherently objectifying but dispute that participants are objectifiers and the objectified one. They argue that objectification of men and women is asymmetrical. The way men express sexuality and the way women express sexuality are structured by a larger social and culture context and the power between men and women is unequal. Men express their sexuality in a dominant way by objectifying women while women express their sexuality in a submissive way by being objectified or by self-objectifying. Hence, women are more vulnerable to violability and lack of subjectivity and autonomy. Nussbaum argues that it is important to put male-female sexuality in a more macro-perspective in which[clarification needed] Mackinnon and Dworkin ignore the personal histories and psychologies that are equally morally important.[1]--&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== 다른 학문에서의 사용 ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;객체화의 개념은 특히 [[장애연구]]에서도 퍼져 쓰이는데, 이는 장애인들이 [[장애시설|시설]] 등의 권력기관을 통해 인생의 주체보다는 서비스나 시혜의 객체가 되기 쉽기 때문이다. 또한 시각문화에서의 객체화 활동에 대해서는 문화연구적 관점에서도 많은 관심이 있다.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== 장애연구 ===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== 문화연구 ===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 주 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 주 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l26&quot;&gt;26번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;37번째 줄:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 참고문헌 ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* {{저널 인용 |성 = Nussbaum|이름 = Martha C.|title = Objectification|jstor = 2961930|journal = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Philosophy &amp;amp; Public Affairs&amp;#039;&amp;#039;|date = 1995|volume = 24|issue = 4|pages = 249–291|doi = 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x|ref=CITEREFNussbaum1995}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{책 인용 |장=Feminist Perspectives on Objectification|성=Papadaki|이름 Evangelia L.|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition)|편집자=Edward N. Zalta |장고리=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613144433/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/feminism-objectification/|보존일자=2021-06-13|ref=CITEREFPapadaki2021}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* {{저널 인용|성=Papadaki|이름= Evangelia|날짜=2007-08-01|제목=Sexual Objectification|저널=From Kant to Contemporary Feminism|권=6|호=3|쪽=49–68|doi=10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300282|S2CID=144197352|REF=CITEREFPapadaki2017}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{번역중|Objectification}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ellif</name></author>
	</entry>
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